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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب كيفية نزول القرآنChapters on How the Qur'an Was Revealed
بَابُ كِتَابَةِ الْقُرْآنِ فِي الْاكْتَافِ وَالنَّخَافِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺChapter on Writing the Qur’an on Shoulder Blades and Palm Leaves During the Time of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
Hadith 8403
اُردوEn
عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنِّي قَاعِدٌ إِلَى جَنْبِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمಸೀيومًا إِذْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ وَغَشِيَتْهُ السَّكِينَةُ وَوَقَعَ فَخِذُهُ عَلَى فَخِذِي حِينَ غَشِيَتْهُ السَّكِينَةُ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فَلَا وَاللَّهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ شَيْئًا قَطُّ أَثْقَلَ مِنْ فَخِذِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ اكْتُبْ يَا زَيْدُ فَأَخَذْتُ كَتِفًا فَقَالَ اكْتُبْ لَا يَسْتَوِي الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُجَاهِدُونَ [سورة النساء: ٩٥] الْآيَةَ كُلَّهَا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا فَكَتَبْتُ ذَلِكَ فِي كَتِفٍ فَقَامَ حِينَ سَمِعَهَا ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا أَعْمَى فَقَامَ حِينَ سَمِعَ فَضِيلَةَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الْجِهَادَ مِمَّنْ هُوَ أَعْمَى وَأَشْبَاهِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا مَضَى كَلَامُهُ أَوْ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ قَضَى كَلَامَهُ غَشِيَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ السَّكِينَةُ فَوَقَعَتْ فَخِذُهُ عَلَى فَخِذِي فَوَجَدْتُ مِنْ ثِقَلِهَا كَمَا وَجَدْتُ فِي الْمَرَّةِ الْأُولَى ثُمَّ سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ فَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ لَا يَسْتَوِي الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَيْرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فَأَلْحَقْتُهَا فَوَاللَّهِ لَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى مُلْحَقِهَا عِنْدَ صَدْعٍ كَانَ فِي الْكَتِفِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zaid bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was sitting beside the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when suddenly revelation began to descend upon him and tranquility overtook him, while his thigh was upon my thigh. By Allah! I have never felt anything heavier than the thigh of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then, when this state departed from him, he said: O Zaid! Write. I took a shoulder blade and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Write this verse {لَا یَسْتَوِی الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنْ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ وَالْمُجَاہِدُونَ … أَ جْرًا عَظِیمًا}. When Sayyiduna Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him), who was a blind man, heard this verse and heard that in this verse the great virtue of the Mujahideen was mentioned, he said: O Messenger of Allah! What will happen to the one who does not have the strength for jihad, such as the blind and others? Sayyiduna Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) says: By Allah! Ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him) had not even finished his words when the tranquility that would descend upon him (peace and blessings be upon him) during revelation descended again, and his thigh was upon my thigh. I felt the same weight from it as I had felt before during the state of revelation. Then, when the state of revelation departed from him (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: Recite that verse. When I recited that verse, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Write with it: {غَیْرُ أُولِی الضَّرَرِ}. Sayyiduna Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I joined this part with that verse, as if even now I am seeing the mark of swelling at the place of that verse on the shoulder blade.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … The command of Allah, the Exalted, is: {لَا یَسْتَوِی الْقٰعِدُوْنَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ غَیْرُ اُولِی الضَّرَرِ وَالْمُجٰہِدُوْنَ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰہِ بِاَمْوَالِہِمْ وَاَنْفُسِہِمْ فَضَّلَ اللّٰہُ الْمُجٰہِدِیْنَ بِاَمْوَالِہِمْ وَاَنْفُسِہِمْ عَلَی الْقٰعِدِیْنَ دَرَجَۃً وَکُلًّا وَّعَدَ اللّٰہُ الْحُسْنٰی وَفَضَّلَ اللّٰہُ الْمُجٰہِدِیْنَ عَلَی الْقٰعِدِیْنَ اَجْرًا عَظِیْمًا۔} … 95-4 Those among the believers who sit back, other than those who have an excuse, and those who strive hard in the way of Allah with their wealth and their lives, are not equal. Allah has granted a higher rank to those who strive with their wealth and their lives over those who sit back. And to each, Allah has promised good, but Allah has granted the strivers a tremendous reward over those who sit back. (Surah an-Nisa: 95) The verse that was revealed first mentioned the virtue of the mujahideen (those who strive in jihad) in an absolute sense. Then, upon the question of Sayyiduna Ibn Umm Maktum radi Allahu anhu, the part that was revealed made an exception for those who are excused.
