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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب العددBook of Waiting Periods
بَابُ نَفَقَةِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ الْبَائِنِ وَسُكْنَاهَا وَخُرُوجِهَا لِلْحَاجَةِChapter: Maintenance and Residence for the Irrevocably Divorced Woman and Her Leaving for Necessity
Hadith 7249
اُردوEn
عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ بِنْتَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ وَكَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ قَيْسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا خَالَتَهَا وَكَانَتْ عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ طَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا بَعَثَتْ إِلَيْهَا خَالَتُهَا بِنْتُ قَيْسٍ فَنَقَلَتْهَا إِلَى بَيْتِهَا وَمَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ قَبِيصَةُ فَبَعَثَنِي إِلَيْهَا مَرْوَانُ فَسَأَلْتُهَا مَا حَمَلَهَا عَلَى أَنْ تَخْرُجَ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا قَالَتْ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَنِي بِذَلِكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَصَّتْ عَلَيَّ حَدِيثَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَأَنَا أُخَاصِمُكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَأَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ} إِلَى {لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمْرًا} ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ} الثَّالِثَةَ {فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ} وَاللَّهِ مَا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ الثَّالِثَةِ حَبْسًا مَعَ مَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى مَرْوَانَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ خَبَرَهَا فَقَالَ حَدِيثُ امْرَأَةٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ فَرُدَّتْ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا
Qabeesah bin Dhuwaiyb narrates that Saeed bin Zaid’s daughter, Sayyidah Fatimah bint Qais (may Allah be pleased with her), who was her maternal aunt and was married to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), he gave her three divorces at different times. Saeed’s daughter received a message from her aunt Fatimah bint Qais, who moved her to her own house, and at that time Marwan bin Hakam was the governor of Madinah. Qabeesah says: Marwan sent me to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) to ask her why a woman had moved out of her house before her waiting period (‘iddah) was over. Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated her incident and said: I will argue with you by the Book of Allah. Allah Almighty says: {اِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَائَ فَطَلِّقُوْھُنَّ لِعِتَّدِہِنَّ وَاَحْصُو الْعِدَّۃَ وَاتَّقُوْا اللّٰہَ رَبَّکُمْ لَا تُخْرِجُوْھُنَّ مِنْ بُیُوْتِہِنَّ وَلَا یَخْرُجْنَ اِلَّا اَنْ یَاْتِیْنَ بِفَاحِشَۃٍ مُبَیِّنَۃٍ} to: {لَعَلَّ اللّٰہَ یُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذَالِکَ اَمْرًا} … When you divorce women, divorce them at the beginning of their waiting period and count the waiting period, and fear Allah, your Lord. Do not expel them from their houses, nor should they leave, unless they commit a clear indecency … Perhaps Allah will bring about a new matter after that. Then Allah Almighty said: … {فَاِذَا بَلَغْنَ اَجَلَہُنَّ فَاَمْسِکُوْھُنَّ بِمَعْرُوْفٍ اَوْ فَارِقُوْھُنَّ بِمَعْرُوْفٍ} When they have reached the end of their waiting period, then either retain them in a good manner or separate from them in a good manner. By Allah! After the third divorce, there is no mention of retaining, and along with this, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) also ordered me to observe the waiting period. The narrator says: I returned to Marwan and informed him of what Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) had said. Marwan said: It is the statement of a woman. Then Marwan ordered that woman to return to her house and remain there until her waiting period was over.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … When Sayyidah Fatimah radi Allahu anha said, “I present my case with you from the Book of Allah, the Exalted,” its meaning is that divorce should be given at the beginning of the waiting period (‘iddah), then the ‘iddah should be counted, and women should not be expelled from their homes. This applies to those women who have been given one or two divorces, i.e., revocable divorces (talaq raj‘i). After this, Allah the Exalted says that perhaps a new matter may arise. When the third divorce occurs, then what new matter could arise after that? That is an irrevocable divorce (talaq ba’in). And this is also in the Noble Qur’an: “Divorce is twice,” and after that, the command is either to retain [the wife] in a good manner or to release her with kindness. This refers to the third [divorce]. And then, regarding me, the decision of the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is also that neither is there residence for me nor maintenance. Thus, it is known that after the third divorce, when returning to the woman is prohibited, then what waiting period (‘iddah) remains? Therefore, after the third [divorce], the woman’s ‘iddah ends; the ‘iddah is only up to two divorces.
