الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
بيان موانع النكاحExplanation of Impediments to Marriage
بَابُ عَدَدِ الرَّضْعَاتِ الْمُحَرِّمَةِ وَمَا جَاءَ فِي رَضَاعَةِ الكبيرChapter: The Number of Breastfeedings That Make Unlawful and What Has Been Reported Regarding Breastfeeding an Adult
Hadith 6967
اُردوEn
عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ أَبَا حُذَيْفَةَ تَبَنَّى سَالِمًا وَهُوَ مَوْلَى لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كَمَا تَبَنَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَيْدًا وَكَانَ مَنْ تَبَنَّى رَجُلًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ دَعَاهُ النَّاسُ ابْنَهُ وَوَرِثَ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ادْعُوهُمْ لِآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا آبَاءَهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَمَوَالِيكُمْ [الأحزاب: 5] فَرُدُّوا إِلَى آبَائِهِمْ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ لَهُ أَبٌ فَمَوْلًى وَأَخٌ فِي الدِّينِ فَجَاءَتْ سَهْلَةُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كُنَّا نَرَى سَالِمًا وَلَدًا يَأْوِي مَعِي وَمَعَ أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَيَرَانِي فُضُلًا وَفِي لَفْظٍ وَقَدْ بَلَغَ مَا يَبْلُغُ الرِّجَالُ وَقَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِمْ مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ فَقَالَ أَرْضِعِيهِ خَمْسَ رَضَعَاتٍ وَفِي لَفْظٍ أَرْضِعِيهِ تَحْرُمِي عَلَيْهِ فَكَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ وَلَدِهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ فَأَرْضَعْتُهُ خَمْسَ رَضَعَاتٍ فَكَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ وَلَدِهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ فَبِذَلِكَ كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تَأْمُرُ أَخَوَاتِهَا وَبَنَاتِ أَخَوَاتِهَا أَنْ يُرْضِعْنَ مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ عَائِشَةُ أَنْ يَرَاهَا وَيَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ كَبِيرًا خَمْسَ رَضَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا وَأَبَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا وَسَائِرُ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُدْخِلْنَ عَلَيْهِنَّ بِتِلْكَ الرَّضَاعَةِ أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ حَتَّى يَرْضَعَ فِي الْمَهْدِ وَقُلْنَ لِعَائِشَةَ وَاللَّهِ مَا نَدْرِي لَعَلَّهَا كَانَتْ رُخْصَةً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِسَالِمٍ مِنْ دُونِ النَّاسِ
Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that Sayyiduna Abu Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) had made Sayyiduna Salim (may Allah be pleased with him) his adopted son. Salim was a slave of a woman from the Ansar, she had freed him, and Sayyiduna Abu Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) had made him his adopted son, just as the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had made Sayyiduna Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) his adopted son. In the era of ignorance, people used to do this. Then, whoever made someone an adopted son would call him by the name of son and he would be entitled to inheritance, until Allah Almighty revealed this command: {اُدْعُوْھُمْ لِآبَائِہِمْ … … فِی الدِّیْنِ وَمَوَالِیْکُمْ} Call them by (the names of) their fathers; that is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers, then they are your brothers in religion and your friends. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 5) After this verse, the adopted sons were referred back to the names of their real fathers. Those whose fathers' names were not known, they were called friends or brothers. The wife of Sayyiduna Abu Hudhaifah, Sayyida Sahla (may Allah be pleased with her), came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! We have made Salim our son, he used to come to me and Abu Hudhaifah and would see me in my ordinary working clothes. Now he has grown up, and you know that Allah Almighty has also revealed this command regarding them that the adopted son is not real, call them by the names of their fathers. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: So give him milk to drink five times, because of this you will become unlawful for him and he will become your foster son. In one narration it is stated: So Sahla gave him milk to drink five times and he became her foster son. Based on this incident, Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), when she wanted to see certain individuals, would order her sisters and nieces to give them milk to drink, even if they were adults. When they had given them milk to drink five times, they could enter. But Sayyida Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her) and the other pure wives of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not allow anyone to enter on the basis of this fosterage. They considered only that fosterage valid which occurred during the age of suckling, and they used to say to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that perhaps this concession was not for other people, but only for Sayyiduna Salim, that he drank milk even in adulthood, so fosterage was established.
