Fath al-Rabbani

It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) gave the ruling regarding the greater and aggravated blood money (diyah) that it should consist of thirty bint labun, thirty hiqqah, and forty pregnant she-camels. Regarding the lesser diyah, his ruling was that it should consist of thirty bint labun, thirty hiqqah, twenty bint makhad, and twenty ibn makhad, meaning male camels. After the passing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), camels became expensive and dirhams became cheaper. Sayyiduna ‘Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) fixed the price of the camels of Madinah at six thousand dirhams, with the price of each camel being one uqiyyah. Then camels became more expensive and the price of silver fell, so Sayyiduna ‘Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) increased the diyah by two thousand more and set the price of each camel at two uqiyyahs. Camels again became expensive and dirhams fell in value, so this time Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made the total twelve thousand dirhams, setting the price of each camel at three uqiyyahs. In the sacred months, a third more was taken in the payment of diyah, and in the sacred city, another third was added. In this way, the diyah of the two sacred cities (Makkah and Madinah) became a full twenty thousand dirhams. From the villagers, diyah was taken from their livestock; they were not obliged to give gold or silver, and from every nation, diyah was taken from their wealth at a fair price.