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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل القضاء والشهاداتIssues of Judiciary and Testimonies
بَابُ إِثْمِ مَنْ خَاصَمَ فِي بَاطِلٍ وَإِنْ حُكِمَ لَهُ بِهِ فِي الظَّاهِرِ وَهَلْ يَحْكُمُ الْقَاضِي بِعِلْمِهِ أَمْ لَاChapter: The sin of one who argues falsely, even if he is given judgment outwardly, and whether the judge may judge by his own knowledge
Hadith 6412
اُردوEn
عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((إِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَيَّ (زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ) لَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَلْحَنُ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، وَإِنَّمَا أَقْضِي لَهُ بِمَا يَقُولُ، فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ بِقَوْلِهِ، فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ، فَلَا يَأْخُذْهَا))
It is narrated from the wife of the Prophet, Sayyida Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I am a human being, and you bring your disputes to me. Therefore, it is possible that one of you may be more eloquent in presenting arguments than another, and I judge according to what I hear. So if I give someone a decision in his favor that rightfully belongs to his brother, then he should not take it, because in such a case I am cutting a piece of fire for him.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … The judge is required to make decisions in light of witnesses and evidence. From this hadith, it is understood that the judge’s verdict has no connection with making the unlawful lawful; that is, if he passes a judgment in favor of someone who is not entitled to something, then by this verdict that thing does not become lawful (halal) for that person, as some people think. Rather, it will remain unlawful (haram).
