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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب البيوع والكسب والمعاش وما يتعلق بالتجارةBook of Sales, Earnings, Livelihood, and Matters Related to Trade
بَابُ النَّهْي عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَافَلَةِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ كُلَّ رَطْب بِيَابِسِهِChapter: Prohibition of sales by muzabana, muhaqala, and selling fresh produce for dried
Hadith 5846
اُردوEn
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ وَالْمُعَاوَمَةِ وَالثُّنْيَا وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) forbade the transactions of Muhaqala, Muzabana, Mukhabara, Muawama, and Thunya, but permitted the sale of 'Ariya.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … In hadith number (6120), the clarification of "mukhabarah," in hadith number (5869), the clarification of "mu'awamah," and in the next chapter, the clarification of "‘araya" will be provided.
Bay‘ Thunya: … In this sale, the form of exception (istithna’) is that a person sells something and exempts a part of it. If the exempted (i.e., separated) thing is known, then the transaction is unanimously permissible. For example, he says: "I have sold you all these trees except for such-and-such tree," or "I have sold you all these houses except for such-and-such two houses." But if the person exempts an unknown and unspecified thing, then this sale is not valid. This hadith prohibits precisely this latter case, because such a sale involves ignorance (jahl) and deception.
Bay‘ Thunya: … In this sale, the form of exception (istithna’) is that a person sells something and exempts a part of it. If the exempted (i.e., separated) thing is known, then the transaction is unanimously permissible. For example, he says: "I have sold you all these trees except for such-and-such tree," or "I have sold you all these houses except for such-and-such two houses." But if the person exempts an unknown and unspecified thing, then this sale is not valid. This hadith prohibits precisely this latter case, because such a sale involves ignorance (jahl) and deception.
