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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الإيمان و الإسلامBook of Faith and Islam
فِي بَيَانِ الإِيمَانِ وَالإِسْلامِ وَالإِحْسَانِOn the clarification of faith, Islam, and ihsan
Hadith 55
اُردوEn
عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ لَا يُرَى (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَا نَرَى) عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ فَقَالَ: ((الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا)) قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ، قَالَ: ((الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْقَدْرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ)) قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ: ((أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ)) قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ، قَالَ: ((مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ)) قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا، قَالَ: ((أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ)) قَالَ: ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ، قَالَ: فَلَبِثَ مَلِيًّا، (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَلَبِثَ ثَلَاثًا) فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((يَا عُمَرُ! أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ؟)) قُلْتُ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، قَالَ: ((فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: One day we were sitting with the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when suddenly a man came to us. His clothes were extremely white and his hair was very black. There were no signs of travel visible on him, nor did any of us recognize him. Anyway, he came and sat near the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in such a way that he joined his knees with the knees of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and placed his hands on the thighs of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Muhammad! Tell me about Islam, what is Islam?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Islam is that you bear witness that Allah alone is the true deity and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah, and that you establish prayer, pay zakat, fast in Ramadan, and if you have the ability, perform Hajj to the House of Allah." He replied: "You have spoken the truth." We were greatly astonished that this person asks questions and also confirms the answers. Anyway, he then asked another question and said: "Tell me about Iman (faith)." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Iman is that you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and in all destiny, its good and its bad." He said: "Yes, you have spoken the truth." He asked a third question: "Now tell me about Ihsan, what is Ihsan?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Ihsan is that you worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, then (know that) He surely sees you." He then asked: "Tell me about the Hour (Day of Judgment)." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one being questioned knows no more about it than the questioner." He said: "Then tell me about its signs." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "They are: the slave woman will give birth to her mistress, and you will see barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Then that man left, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent about him for some time, according to one narration, for three days, and then said to me: "Umar! Do you know who the questioner was?" I said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That was Jibreel (Gabriel), he came to teach you your religion."
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … This is the Hadith of Jibril. The matter of iman (faith) and Islam is clear, and ihsan is not the name of some third thing; rather, it is a manner of worshipping Allah Ta’ala, and that is that there should be such perfection in worship that the rights of Allah Ta’ala are observed, the concept of His watchfulness (muraqabah) is firmly established, all worldly affairs are set aside, and the notion of standing before Allah Ta’ala is firmly held, and during worship, His greatness and majesty are kept present in one’s mind. This is the manner of worship from which comfort is produced in the heart, and the desire to increase its quantity continues to grow.
A slave-girl will give birth to her mistress. Its preferred meaning is that disobedience to parents will become widespread, and children will scold their parents, speak ill of them, curse them, and command them—their manner will be just as a master behaves with his slave or slave-girl. Nowadays, disobedience to parents is at its peak, and when children adopt insolent behavior, no respectable person can even guess whether these are father and son.
A slave-girl will give birth to her mistress. Its preferred meaning is that disobedience to parents will become widespread, and children will scold their parents, speak ill of them, curse them, and command them—their manner will be just as a master behaves with his slave or slave-girl. Nowadays, disobedience to parents is at its peak, and when children adopt insolent behavior, no respectable person can even guess whether these are father and son.
