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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب العتقBook of Emancipation
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي وَلَاءِ الْمُعْتَقِ وَلِمَنْ يَكُونُChapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding the Wala' of the Emancipator and to Whom It Belongs
Hadith 5289
اُردوEn
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ بَرِيرَةَ جَاءَتْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تَسْتَعِينُهَا فِي كِتَابَتِهَا وَلَمْ تَكُنْ قَضَتْ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ارْجِعِي إِلَى أَهْلِكِ فَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ أَقْضِيَ عَنْكِ كِتَابَتَكِ وَيَكُونَ وَلَاؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَرِيرَةُ لِأَهْلِهَا فَأَبَوْا وَقَالُوا إِنْ شَاءَتْ أَنْ تَحْتَسِبَ عَلَيْكِ فَلْتَفْعَلْ وَلْيَكُنْ لَنَا وَلَاؤُكِ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ابْتَاعِي فَأَعْتِقِي فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ قَالَتْ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ أُنَاسٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَإِنْ شَرَطَ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ شَرْطُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ
Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: Sayyida Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to me, seeking my help regarding her contract of emancipation, and she had not yet paid anything. I said to her: Go back to your owners; if they agree that I pay your contract amount and your allegiance (wala’) is for me, then I can do so. She went to her owners and told them everything in detail, but they refused and said: If she (Sayyida Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her) wants to pay your amount for the sake of reward, then that is fine, but the allegiance (wala’) will still be for us. When I told this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: Aisha! Buy her and set her free; allegiance (wala’) is only the right of the one who sets free. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and said: What is wrong with people that they start making such conditions which are not in the Book of Allah? Whoever makes a condition that is not in the Book of Allah, it is nothing for him, even if he makes a hundred conditions. The condition of Allah is the most deserving and the strongest.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … From this narration, it is understood that Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha said to Sayyidah Barirah radi Allahu anha that she would pay the entire amount of her contract of manumission (kitabah), but on the condition that the wala’ (right of allegiance) would be hers. However, from this meaning, it is apparent that it is not correct for Sayyidah Aisha to stipulate the condition of wala’, because the wala’ of a mukatab (a slave with a contract of manumission) belongs only to the original owners, not to those who assist in the contract of manumission. But this objection is resolved by the following words of the narration: Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha said: “If your owners are pleased that I prepare the entire price for them at once and then set you free, and your wala’ is for me, then I will do so.” (Bukhari: 2563) That is, if your owners are pleased that I prepare the whole price for them at once and then set you free and your wala’ is for me, then I will do so.
