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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب الأمان والصلح والمهادنةChapters on Safe Conduct, Truce, and Armistice
بَابُ الْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَعَدْمِ الْغُدْرِ بِمَنْ عِنْدَهُ امانChapter on Fulfilling Covenants and Not Betraying Those Granted Safety
Hadith 5138
اُردوEn
عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ كَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ يَسِيرُ بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ أَمَدٌ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْنُوَ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا انْقَضَى الْأَمَدُ غَزَاهُ فَإِذَا شَيْخٌ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَفَاءٌ لَا غَدْرٌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَهْدٌ فَلَا يَحُلَّنَّ عُقْدَةً وَلَا يَشُدَّهَا حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ أَمَدُهَا أَوْ يَنْبِذَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَرَجَعَ وَإِذَا الشَّيْخُ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Salim bin Amir narrates that Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) was traveling in the land of Rome, while there was a treaty between them and him. Sayyiduna Amir Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) intended to get closer to them so that when the term of the treaty ended, he could attack them. But an elder, who was riding an animal, said: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, fulfill the covenant, do not break the covenant. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If a man has made a covenant with a people, he should neither break it nor strengthen it (for war preparations), until the term is over or (due to fear of their deception) he informs them of breaking the treaty (so that the other party is also equal in breaking the covenant). When Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) learned of this, he turned back. This elder was Sayyiduna Amr bin Abasah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … In the aforementioned hadith, the term of the covenant and agreement had indeed expired. The actual matter is that when the treaty was concluded with the Romans, at that time Sayyiduna Amir Muawiyah radi Allahu anhu was in his own country. When the term of this treaty would end, he should also have been in his own country at that time, and not approach near the Romans during the period of the agreement, so that as soon as the term ended, he could launch an attack upon them. The summary is that when the term of the agreement ends, both parties should be in their respective countries, and then a new policy should be implemented. (Derived from Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi)
