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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الزكاةBook of Zakat
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْغَارِمِينَChapter on what is reported regarding those in debt
Hadith 3476
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أُصِيبَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ثِمَارٍ ابْتَاعَهَا فَكَثُرَ دَيْنُهُ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ))، قَالَ: فَتَصَدَّقَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَلِكَ وَفَاءَ دَيْنِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((خُذُوا مَا وَجَدْتُّمْ وَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, that during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, a man bought some fruit, but he was afflicted by a calamity and his debt became very large. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "O people! Give charity to him." So the people gave him charity, but it was not enough to pay off his debt. Eventually, the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said (to the creditors): "Take whatever you find with him, and you will get only that."
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … This hadith indicates that if a debtor becomes destitute and impoverished, and there is no one to assist him even from the zakat, then his creditors will remain deprived in this world; the matter of the Hereafter is entrusted to Allah Ta’ala—whether the debtor had the desire to repay the debt or not, and whether the creditors forgive or not. In any case, such a debtor passes away having taken the rights of others. It is thus understood that one of the categories eligible for zakat is indebted people. Three types of people can be included in this category:
(1) Those debtors who, in providing sustenance and necessities of life for their families, have become indebted to others, and they neither possess cash nor any such belongings that could be sold to pay off the debt.
(2) Those responsible guarantors who have given a guarantee for someone and then have become liable for its payment.
(3) Those whose crops have been destroyed or whose business has suffered a loss, and on this basis, they have become indebted. It is permissible to assist all such individuals from the zakat fund.
(1) Those debtors who, in providing sustenance and necessities of life for their families, have become indebted to others, and they neither possess cash nor any such belongings that could be sold to pay off the debt.
(2) Those responsible guarantors who have given a guarantee for someone and then have become liable for its payment.
(3) Those whose crops have been destroyed or whose business has suffered a loss, and on this basis, they have become indebted. It is permissible to assist all such individuals from the zakat fund.
