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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الزكاةBook of Zakat
بَابُ الْمُبَادَرَةِ إِلَى إِخْرَاجِهَا وَتَعْجِيلِهَا قَبْلَ حُلُولِهَا وَدُعَاءِ الْإِمَامِ لِمُعْطِيهَاChapter on hastening to pay it, giving it before its due time, and the Imam's supplication for the giver
Hadith 3431
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عُمَرَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَقِيلَ: مَنَعَ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَالْعَبَّاسُ عَمُّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَا نَقَمَ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَأَغْنَاهُ اللَّهُ، وَأَمَّا خَالِدٌ فَإِنَّكُمْ تَظْلِمُونَ خَالِدًا فَقَدِ احْتَبَسَ أَدْرَاعَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأَمَّا الْعَبَّاسُ فَهُوَ عَلَيَّ وَمِثْلُهَا))، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ((أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ عَمَّ الرَّجُلِ صِنْوُ أَبِيهِ))
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) to collect Zakat. When he returned, he informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that Sayyiduna Ibn Jameel, Sayyiduna Khalid bin Walid, and the uncle of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abbas, had not paid Zakat. (Upon hearing this) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Ibn Jameel did not refuse except because he was previously in hardship, then Allah Almighty made him prosperous. As for you, you are being unfair to Khalid bin Walid (may Allah be pleased with him); he has dedicated his armors and (all his war equipment) in the way of Allah Almighty. And as for the matter of Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), the Zakat for his share, rather double of it, is upon me. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do you not know that a man’s uncle is like his father?
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … In this blessed hadith, Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu complained about three individuals that they did not pay zakat. The answers given by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam regarding them show that Sayyiduna Ibn Jamil radi Allahu anhu did not appreciate the blessing and did not display good character in return for kindness. But Allah knows best why the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam sufficed with only censuring Sayyiduna Ibn Jamil radi Allahu anhu and did not actually collect zakat from him, even though the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam had said that he was commanded to fight the people until they testify that Allah is the only true deity and that Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is His Messenger, establish prayer, and pay zakat. It is also possible that, upon hearing this matter about themselves, they refrained on their own. And Allah knows best what is correct.
As for the issue of Sayyiduna Abbas radi Allahu anhu, according to the preferred opinion, there are two possible interpretations: (1) The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam himself took responsibility, meaning that it is true he did not pay zakat, but now I guarantee it, because he is my uncle, and an uncle is like a father. (2) The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, due to some necessity, had taken zakat from Sayyiduna Abbas radi Allahu anhu two years in advance. However, every hadith that indicates this interpretation contains some weakness, but if all the chains are considered collectively, the second interpretation appears stronger. For details, one should study Fath al-Bari: 3/426.
Regarding Sayyiduna Khalid ibn Walid radi Allahu anhu not paying zakat, according to Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu’s complaint, there are also two possible interpretations: (1) Sayyiduna Khalid radi Allahu anhu had purchased weapons and other instruments of war for jihad from the value of his zakat; jihad is also among the expenditures of zakat, and in this regard, he must have sought permission from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to manage his zakat affairs himself. (2) Sayyiduna Khalid radi Allahu anhu had, from the outset, dedicated all his wealth and possessions in the path of Allah, but those responsible for collecting zakat were unaware of this. And Allah knows best what is correct.
As for the issue of Sayyiduna Abbas radi Allahu anhu, according to the preferred opinion, there are two possible interpretations: (1) The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam himself took responsibility, meaning that it is true he did not pay zakat, but now I guarantee it, because he is my uncle, and an uncle is like a father. (2) The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, due to some necessity, had taken zakat from Sayyiduna Abbas radi Allahu anhu two years in advance. However, every hadith that indicates this interpretation contains some weakness, but if all the chains are considered collectively, the second interpretation appears stronger. For details, one should study Fath al-Bari: 3/426.
Regarding Sayyiduna Khalid ibn Walid radi Allahu anhu not paying zakat, according to Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu’s complaint, there are also two possible interpretations: (1) Sayyiduna Khalid radi Allahu anhu had purchased weapons and other instruments of war for jihad from the value of his zakat; jihad is also among the expenditures of zakat, and in this regard, he must have sought permission from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to manage his zakat affairs himself. (2) Sayyiduna Khalid radi Allahu anhu had, from the outset, dedicated all his wealth and possessions in the path of Allah, but those responsible for collecting zakat were unaware of this. And Allah knows best what is correct.
