Fath al-Rabbani

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sent this written instruction to them (the people of Bahrain): This is the prescribed amount of Zakat which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made obligatory upon the Muslims, and which Allah Almighty commanded His Messenger. Any Muslim from whom Zakat is collected according to this, should pay it, and whoever is asked for more than this, should not give it. (The details are as follows:) If the number of camels is less than (25), then for every five camels, one goat is due. From (25) to (35), one bint makhad or ibn labun; from (36) to (45), one bint labun; from (46) to (60), one hiqqah capable of mating; from (61) to (65), one jaz’ah; from (76) to (90), two bint labun; and from (91) to (120), two hiqqah. When the number of camels exceeds this, then for every (40), one bint labun, and for every (50), one hiqqah will be due as Zakat. If, in this matter of Zakat, the ages of the camels differ, i.e., if someone is required to give a jaz’ah in Zakat but does not have a jaz’ah, but has a hiqqah, then that will be taken from him, and along with it, if possible, he should give two goats or twenty dirhams. Similarly, if someone is required to give a hiqqah in Zakat but has a jaz’ah, that will be accepted from him, but the Zakat collector will return twenty dirhams or two goats to him. If someone is liable to give a hiqqah in Zakat but does not have it, rather has a bint labun, then that will be taken from him, but to make up for the deficiency, if possible, he will have to give two goats, otherwise twenty dirhams. Similarly, if someone is liable to give a bint labun in Zakat but has a hiqqah, that will be taken from him, but the Zakat collector will return twenty dirhams or two goats to him. Likewise, if someone is required to give a bint labun in Zakat but does not have it, rather has a bint makhad, then that will be taken from him, but along with it, if possible, goats, otherwise twenty dirhams will have to be given. If someone is required to give a bint makhad in Zakat but does not have it, rather has an ibn labun, then that will be accepted from him, but nothing extra will be taken along with it. And whoever has only four camels, Zakat is not obligatory on him; yes, if he wishes to give something voluntarily (as nafl), that is fine. The prescribed amount of Zakat for grazing goats is: from (40) to (120), one goat; from (121) to (200), two goats; and from (200) to (300), three goats will be taken as Zakat. After that, for every (100), one goat will be collected. An old, one-eyed, or male animal will not be taken in Zakat; if the owner wishes, he may give a male animal. To avoid Zakat, neither can separate herds be combined nor can a combined herd be separated. If there is a partnership of two people in a (herd), they will divide the (paid Zakat) equally. If the number of grazing goats is even one less than forty, Zakat will not be obligatory on them; yes, if the owner wishes to give voluntarily (as nafl), it is up to him. On silver, one-fortieth is obligatory as Zakat; if the silver is (190) dirhams, then Zakat will not be obligatory on it; yes, if the owner wishes to give voluntarily as nafl, it is up to him.