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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الزكاةBook of Zakat
بَابُ مَا وَرَدَ فِي فَضْلِهَاChapter on what is reported regarding its virtue
Hadith 3363
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنِّي ذُو مَالٍ كَثِيرٍ وَذُو أَهْلٍ وَوَلَدٍ وَحَاضِرَةٍ، فَأَخْبِرْنِي كَيْفَ أُنْفِقُ وَكَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((تُخْرِجُ الزَّكَاةَ مِنْ مَالِكَ، فَإِنَّهَا طُهْرَةٌ تُطَهِّرُكَ، وَتَصِلُ أَقْرِبَاءَكَ وَتَعْرِفُ حَقَّ السَّائِلِ وَالْجَارِ وَالْمِسْكِينِ))، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَقْلِلْ لِي، قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَى حَقَّهُ وَالْمِسْكِينَ وَابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَلَا تُبَذِّرْ تَبْذِيرًا))، قَالَ: حَسْبِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِذَا أَدَّيْتُ الزَّكَاةَ إِلَى رَسُولِكَ فَقَدْ بَرِئْتُ مِنْهَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((نَعَمْ إِذَا أَدَّيْتَهَا إِلَى رَسُولِي فَقَدْ بَرِئْتَ مِنْهَا، فَلَكَ أَجْرُهَا وَإِثْمُهَا عَلَى مَنْ بَدَّلَهَا))
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says: A man from Banu Tamim came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I am quite wealthy and I have a large family, children, and I often have many guests; now tell me how should I spend my wealth or what should I do? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Pay the zakat of your wealth, this pure act will purify you; likewise, maintain ties of kinship with your relatives, and you should also be aware of the rights of the beggar, the neighbor, and the needy. He said: O Messenger of Allah! Please clarify these matters for me briefly. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Give your relatives, the needy, and travelers their rights, and avoid extravagance. Upon hearing this, he said: O Messenger of Allah! Is it sufficient for me that when I pay zakat to your envoy, will I have fulfilled my responsibility before Allah and His Messenger? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, when you pay zakat to my envoy, you will be absolved of it and you will receive its reward; however, whoever changes it (unlawfully), its sin will be upon him alone.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: From this hadith it is understood that when a person gives zakat to the caliph of the time or his appointed messenger, he is absolved of his obligation for this duty. If, contrary to expectation, such a responsible person commits a breach of trust, then he himself will be held accountable for it; the one who gave the zakat will be rewarded by Allah Ta'ala. However, this principle applies when there is a good opinion regarding the trustworthiness of the messenger, etc. Otherwise, if possible, the wealthy person should himself deliver his zakat to the deserving recipients. Further clarification of this is coming in the chapter, "When the zakat collector is given zakat, the owner is absolved of responsibility, whether the representative disposes of it lawfully."
