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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصلاةBook of Prayer
1 - بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِالْأَذَانِ وَتَأْكِيدِ طَلَبِهِChapter 1: Command to Call the Adhan and Emphasis on Requesting It
Hadith 1243
اُردوEn
عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْحُوَيْرِثِ قَالَ: أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَحْنُ شَبَّابٌ مُتَقَارِبُونَ فَأَقَمْنَا مَعَهُ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً، قَالَ: وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَحِيمًا رَفِيقًا فَظَنَّ أَنَّا قَدِ اشْتَقْنَا إِلَى أَهْلِنَا فَسَأَلَنَا عَمَّنْ تَرَكْنَا فِي أَهْلِنَا فَأَخْبَرْنَاهُ فَقَالَ: ((ارْجِعُوا إِلَى أَهْلِيكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا فِيهِمْ وَعَلِّمُوهُمْ وَمُرُوهُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ لَكُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ ثُمَّ لْيُؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْبَرُكُمْ))
Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We, who were young men of about the same age, came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and stayed for twenty nights. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was very kind and soft-hearted. He (peace and blessings be upon him) sensed that we had become eager for our families, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked us about those (people) whom we had left behind in our homes. When we told him everything, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Go back to your families and stay among them, and teach them (the religion), and instruct them that when the time for prayer comes, one of you should give the call to prayer (adhan), then the eldest among you should lead the prayer.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … In these ahadith, there is a command and encouragement to give the adhan (call to prayer) at the time of prayer. Further, consider the following narrations:
Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith radi Allahu anhu narrates that two men came to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam; they wanted to go on a journey. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to them: ((When you both set out, then give the adhan, then say the iqamah, then let the elder of you lead the prayer.)) (Sahih Bukhari: 630, Sahih Muslim: 674)
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir radi Allahu anhu narrates that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
((Your Lord is amazed at a shepherd of sheep on the peak of a mountain who gives the adhan for prayer and performs the prayer. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: Look at My servant—he gives the adhan and says the iqamah for prayer, fearing Me. I have forgiven My servant and admitted him to Paradise.)) (Abu Dawud: 1203, Nasa’i: 21/20)
That is: Your Lord is amazed at that shepherd of sheep who, on the peak of a mountain (while grazing sheep, when the time for prayer comes), gives the adhan and performs the prayer. Allah Ta’ala (upon seeing this action) says: Look at My servant, he gives the adhan and says the iqamah for prayer (then performs the prayer), he fears Me. I have forgiven My servant and admitted him to Paradise. Imam al-Albani rahimahullah says: The fiqh of the hadith is that even a single person should give the adhan. Imam Nasa’i established this very chapter on this hadith. According to some routes of the hadith of the one who performed prayer incorrectly (masi’ al-salat), the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam also commanded him to give the adhan and iqamah. Therefore, one should not be negligent in these two matters. (Sahihah: 41)
From these blessed ahadith, it is understood that the adhan and iqamah are related to the prayer itself, not to the number of people or the mosque. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in many blessed ahadith, commanded both of these and maintained regularity and consistency upon them in both travel and residence. When the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam performed the Fajr prayer after the appearance of dawn, even then he observed the adhan and iqamah. It is thus understood that adhan and iqamah are obligatory, as is the position of Imam Ahmad rahimahullah and Imam Malik rahimahullah.
The issue established is that, as much as possible, people should make arrangements to perform the congregational prayer in the mosque. If, due to travel or some Shar’i excuse, they cannot reach the mosque, then wherever they perform the prayer, they should arrange for adhan, iqamah, and congregation there. We, due to ignorance, heedlessness, carelessness, or hesitation, are being neglectful of these matters.
Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith radi Allahu anhu narrates that two men came to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam; they wanted to go on a journey. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to them: ((When you both set out, then give the adhan, then say the iqamah, then let the elder of you lead the prayer.)) (Sahih Bukhari: 630, Sahih Muslim: 674)
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir radi Allahu anhu narrates that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
((Your Lord is amazed at a shepherd of sheep on the peak of a mountain who gives the adhan for prayer and performs the prayer. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: Look at My servant—he gives the adhan and says the iqamah for prayer, fearing Me. I have forgiven My servant and admitted him to Paradise.)) (Abu Dawud: 1203, Nasa’i: 21/20)
That is: Your Lord is amazed at that shepherd of sheep who, on the peak of a mountain (while grazing sheep, when the time for prayer comes), gives the adhan and performs the prayer. Allah Ta’ala (upon seeing this action) says: Look at My servant, he gives the adhan and says the iqamah for prayer (then performs the prayer), he fears Me. I have forgiven My servant and admitted him to Paradise. Imam al-Albani rahimahullah says: The fiqh of the hadith is that even a single person should give the adhan. Imam Nasa’i established this very chapter on this hadith. According to some routes of the hadith of the one who performed prayer incorrectly (masi’ al-salat), the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam also commanded him to give the adhan and iqamah. Therefore, one should not be negligent in these two matters. (Sahihah: 41)
From these blessed ahadith, it is understood that the adhan and iqamah are related to the prayer itself, not to the number of people or the mosque. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in many blessed ahadith, commanded both of these and maintained regularity and consistency upon them in both travel and residence. When the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam performed the Fajr prayer after the appearance of dawn, even then he observed the adhan and iqamah. It is thus understood that adhan and iqamah are obligatory, as is the position of Imam Ahmad rahimahullah and Imam Malik rahimahullah.
The issue established is that, as much as possible, people should make arrangements to perform the congregational prayer in the mosque. If, due to travel or some Shar’i excuse, they cannot reach the mosque, then wherever they perform the prayer, they should arrange for adhan, iqamah, and congregation there. We, due to ignorance, heedlessness, carelessness, or hesitation, are being neglectful of these matters.
