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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الإيمان و الإسلامBook of Faith and Islam
بَابٌ فِي حُكْمِ الْإِقْرَارِ بِالشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ أَنَّهُمَا تَعْصِمَانِ قَائِلَهُمَا مِنَ الْقَتْلِ وَ بِهِمَا يَكُونُ مُسْلِمًا وَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَChapter on the ruling of affirming the two testimonies, that they protect the one who says them from being killed, and by them one becomes a Muslim and enters Paradise
Hadith 123
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا عَصَمُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى)) قَالَ: فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الرَّدَّةُ، قَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: تُقَاتِلُهُمْ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا، قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: نُقَاتِلُهُمْ وَاللَّهِ، لَا أُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَلَأُقَاتِلَنَّ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا، قَالَ: فَقَاتَلْنَا مَعَهُ فَرَأَيْنَا ذَلِكَ رَشَدًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have been commanded to fight the people until they declare «لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ»; when they say this statement, they will protect their blood and wealth from me, except by its right, and their reckoning is with Allah the Exalted." When, during the time of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), people began to refuse zakat and (Sayyiduna Abu Bakr wanted to fight such people), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "How will you fight these people, when I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say (that after «لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ», wealth and blood are protected)?" But Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah! We will fight such people. I do not differentiate between prayer and zakat, and I will fight the one who differentiates between them." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Then we fought such people along with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and we realized that this matter was indeed guidance."
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … During the caliphate of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, two types of apostates (murtaddin) emerged. The first were those who apostatized from Islam and outright denied the Prophethood of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, such as Musaylimah and Aswad al-Ansi and their followers. The first Caliph waged jihad against them; both of these individuals were killed and their factions were scattered. The second group were those who made a distinction between prayer (salah) and almsgiving (zakat), and denied the obligation of zakat. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu also fought against them. In the beginning, Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu did not agree with this, but later he became convinced.
