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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الخلافة والإمارةThe Book of Caliphate and Leadership
الْفَضْلُ الثَّانِي فِي قَتْلِهِ أَهْلَ الرِّدَّةِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺThe Second Virtue Regarding His Killing of the Apostates after the Death of the Prophet ﷺ
Hadith 12169
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ”أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ“ قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَارْتَدَّ مَنِ ارْتَدَّ أَرَادَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قِتَالَهُمْ قَالَ عُمَرُ كَيْفَ تُقَاتِلُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّ قَوْمًا ارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الزَّكَاةِ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ مَنَعُونِي عَنَاقًا مِمَّا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ لَقَاتَلْتُهُمْ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ اللَّهَ شَرَحَ صَدْرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِقِتَالِهِمْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I have been commanded to fight the people until they declare that there is no god but Allah. So when they recite this kalimah and declare it, they will protect their lives and wealth from me, and after that, their reckoning will be with Allah Almighty. When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) became the Caliph, some people became so apostate (that they refused to pay zakat). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) intended to fight them, but Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Why will you fight these people when they perform prayer? Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! I will certainly, certainly fight those who refuse to pay zakat. By Allah! If Allah and His Messenger have made even a young sheep or goat obligatory upon them as zakat, and if they do not give it, I will fight them for it. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When I saw that Allah had opened the chest of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) for fighting these people, I knew that this was the truth.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … Apart from the claimants of prophethood and the apostates, there was a third group—the deniers of zakat. Since this group considered themselves Muslims and only denied the obligation of paying zakat, there was a difference of opinion among the Companions themselves regarding whether to take up arms against them. However, the unwavering resolve and steadfastness of the first Caliph was not affected in the least by this difference of opinion. In the end, his arguments prevailed, and even eminent figures such as Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu acknowledged the correctness of his view.
