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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الثانية للهجرةMost Important Events of the Second Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي زِوَاجِ عَلِيٌّ بِفَاطِمَةَ الزَّهْرَاءِ رضي الله عنهماChapter: What has been reported regarding the marriage of Ali to Fatimah al-Zahra, may Allah be pleased with them
Hadith 10723
اُردوEn
عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا زَوَّجَهُ فَاطِمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا بَعَثَ مَعَهُ بِخَمِيلَةٍ وَوِسَادَةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ حَشْوُهَا لِيفٌ وَفِي لَفْظٍ لِيفُ الْإِذْخِرِ وَرَحْيَيْنِ وَسِقَاءٍ وَجَرَّتَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ لِفَاطِمَةَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَنَوْتُ حَتَّى لَقَدِ اشْتَكَيْتُ صَدْرِي قَالَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ اللَّهُ أَبَاكِ بِسَبْيٍ فَاذْهَبِي فَاسْتَخْدِمِيهِ فَقَالَتْ وَأَنَا وَاللَّهِ قَدْ طَحَنْتُ حَتَّى مَجَلَتْ يَدَيَّ فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَا جَاءَ بِكِ أَيْ بُنَيَّةَ قَالَتْ جِئْتُ لِأُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْكَ وَاسْتَحْيَتْ أَنْ تَسْأَلَهُ وَرَجَعَتْ فَقَالَ مَا فَعَلْتِ قَالَتْ اسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ فَأَتَيْنَا جَمِيعًا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَنَوْتُ حَتَّى اشْتَكَيْتُ صَدْرِي وَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ قَدْ طَحَنْتُ حَتَّى مَجَلَتْ يَدَايَ وَقَدْ جَاءَكَ اللَّهُ بِسَبْيٍ وَسِعَةٍ فَأَخْدِمْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاللَّهِ لَا أُعْطِيكُمَا وَأَدَعُ أَهْلَ الصُّفَّةِ تَطْوَى بُطُونُهُمْ لَا أَجِدُ مَا أُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَكِنِّي أَبِيعُهُمْ وَأُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَثْمَانَهُمْ فَرَجَعَا فَأَتَاهُمَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ دَخَلَا فِي قَطِيفَتِهِمَا إِذَا غَطَّتْ رُءُوسَهُمَا تَكَشَّفَتْ أَقْدَامُهُمَا وَإِذَا غَطَّيَا أَقْدَامَهُمَا تَكَشَّفَتْ رُءُوسُهُمَا فَثَارَا فَقَالَ مَكَانَكُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمَا بِخَيْرٍ مِمَّا سَأَلْتُمَانِي قَالَا بَلَى فَقَالَ كَلِمَاتٍ عَلَّمَنِيهِنَّ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ تُسَبِّحَانِ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ عَشْرًا وَتَحْمَدَانِ عَشْرًا وَتُكَبِّرَانِ عَشْرًا وَإِذَا آوَيْتُمَا إِلَى فِرَاشِكُمَا فَسَبِّحَا ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ وَاحْمَدَا ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ وَكَبِّرَا أَرْبَعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا تَرَكْتُهُنَّ مُنْذُ عَلَّمَنِيهِنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ وَلَا لَيْلَةَ صِفِّينَ فَقَالَ قَاتَلَكُمُ اللَّهُ يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ نَعَمْ وَلَا لَيْلَةَ صِفِّينَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he sent with her a woolen sheet, a leather pillow stuffed with palm fibers, two hand mills, a water skin, and two pitchers. One day, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her): “My chest has started to ache from bringing water from outside. Allah has sent some captives to your father, so go and ask him for a servant.” She replied, “By Allah! My condition is such that my hands have become calloused from turning the millstone so much.” Thus, Sayyidah Fatimah went to the service of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He asked, “Daughter! What brings you here?” She replied, “I have only come to greet you,” and felt shy to ask for anything. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) asked, “What happened?” She replied, “Out of shyness, I could not ask him for anything.” Then both of us went to his service. This time, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “O Messenger of Allah! By Allah! My chest has started to ache from bringing water from outside,” and Sayyidah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, “My hands have become calloused from turning the millstone. Now Allah has sent captives to you and made you financially comfortable, so please grant us a servant.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “By Allah! I cannot give you a servant while the people of Suffah are in such a state that their stomachs are twisting from hunger, and I do not have enough to spend on them. As for these captives, I will sell them and spend the proceeds on the people of Suffah.” Hearing this, both of them returned. Later, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to them at a time when they had already entered their sheet, and the condition of the sheet was such that if it covered their heads, their feet would be exposed, and if they covered their feet, their heads would be exposed. When they tried to sit up, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “No matter, remain in your place.” Then he said, “Shall I not tell you something better than what you asked for?” Both said, “Certainly, certainly.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “They are some words which Jibril (peace be upon him) taught me.” He said, “After every prayer, say Subhan Allah ten times, Alhamdulillah ten times, and Allahu Akbar ten times, and when you go to bed, say Subhan Allah thirty-three times, Alhamdulillah thirty-three times, and Allahu Akbar thirty-four times.” Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “Since the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) taught me these words, I have never abandoned them.” Upon hearing this, Abdullah bin Kawa’ asked Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), “Did you not abandon them even on the night of the Battle of Siffin?” Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) replied, “O people of Iraq! May Allah destroy you. No, not even on the night of Siffin did I abandon this practice.”
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … From these ahadith it is understood that it is permissible to give some items as dowry (jahez) according to need and necessity, but to indulge in extravagance and excess in this matter is extremely reprehensible in every respect, as is happening in the present era. The wealthy are caught up in pride and boasting in this regard, the poor are preparing for their daughters’ marriages in extreme distress, begging for help, and people of average means are becoming indebted and ruining the peace of their lives.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir radi Allahu anhu that the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to him: “A mattress is for the man, a mattress for his wife, the third for a guest, and the fourth is for Shaytan.” (Sahih Muslim: 3886)
Imam Nawawi said: The scholars of Islam hold the view that the meaning of these ahadith is that when people exceed need and necessity in this matter, it is for boasting, arrogance, and worldly adornment, and such things are blameworthy, which are attributed to Shaytan, because he is the one who is pleased with them, casts such whispers into people’s hearts, and makes their actions appear beautiful to them.
Dear readers! Bear in mind that the extravagant dowries, elaborate wedding processions, customs, and grand feasts of the present era have taken such forms that their purpose is nothing but ostentation, display, and pride, and the foundation of these matters is not the Sunnah of the Messenger. Even the most miserly and stingy people are found spending lavishly on these occasions—why is that? Just a few days ago, a man invited fifteen hundred people to his wedding feast (walima), had three types of dishes prepared including mutton and chicken, and the wedding celebrations continued for three or four days. This man owed twenty-five thousand rupees to a very poor and disabled relative. As soon as the wedding was over, he went to that relative’s house and began to demand repayment of his loan. That poor man sold his necessary wheat and borrowed some money to pay off the debt. Now the question is: if spending hundreds of thousands of rupees on wedding processions and feasts is Sunnah, then why can’t a few thousand rupees be forgiven for a needy relative, or why can’t he be given a few more months’ respite? Who will understand the spirit of Islam, and then where will the answer come from? The same is the case with dowry: such shamelessness is rampant that the boy’s side formally demands dowry, and in this way, in the eyes of the Shariah, he becomes a blameworthy beggar.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir radi Allahu anhu that the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to him: “A mattress is for the man, a mattress for his wife, the third for a guest, and the fourth is for Shaytan.” (Sahih Muslim: 3886)
Imam Nawawi said: The scholars of Islam hold the view that the meaning of these ahadith is that when people exceed need and necessity in this matter, it is for boasting, arrogance, and worldly adornment, and such things are blameworthy, which are attributed to Shaytan, because he is the one who is pleased with them, casts such whispers into people’s hearts, and makes their actions appear beautiful to them.
Dear readers! Bear in mind that the extravagant dowries, elaborate wedding processions, customs, and grand feasts of the present era have taken such forms that their purpose is nothing but ostentation, display, and pride, and the foundation of these matters is not the Sunnah of the Messenger. Even the most miserly and stingy people are found spending lavishly on these occasions—why is that? Just a few days ago, a man invited fifteen hundred people to his wedding feast (walima), had three types of dishes prepared including mutton and chicken, and the wedding celebrations continued for three or four days. This man owed twenty-five thousand rupees to a very poor and disabled relative. As soon as the wedding was over, he went to that relative’s house and began to demand repayment of his loan. That poor man sold his necessary wheat and borrowed some money to pay off the debt. Now the question is: if spending hundreds of thousands of rupees on wedding processions and feasts is Sunnah, then why can’t a few thousand rupees be forgiven for a needy relative, or why can’t he be given a few more months’ respite? Who will understand the spirit of Islam, and then where will the answer come from? The same is the case with dowry: such shamelessness is rampant that the boy’s side formally demands dowry, and in this way, in the eyes of the Shariah, he becomes a blameworthy beggar.
