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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب سيرة أول النبيين وخاتم المرسلين نبينا محمد بن عبد الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلمBook of the Biography of the First of the Prophets and the Last of the Messengers, Our Prophet Muhammad ibn Abdullah, Peace and Blessings Be Upon Him and His Family
بَابُ هِجْرَةِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَاخْتِيَارِهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رضي الله عنه لِيَكُونَ رَفِيقَهُ فِي الْهَجْرَةِ وَتَجْهَيْزِ هِمَا لِذلِكَ وَخُرُوجِهِمَا مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى أَنْ دَخَلَا غَارَ ثَوْرٍChapter: The migration of the Prophet ﷺ and his choosing Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, as his companion in migration, their preparation, and their departure from Mecca until they entered the cave of Thawr
Hadith 10613
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَأَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ لَمْ أَعْقِلْ أَبَوَيَّ قَطُّ إِلَّا وَهُمَا يَدِينَانِ الدِّينَ وَلَمْ يَمُرَّ عَلَيْنَا يَوْمٌ إِلَّا يَأْتِينَا فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيَّةً فَلَمَّا ابْتُلِيَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مُهَاجِرًا قِبَلَ أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ بَرْكَ الْغِمَادِ لَقِيَهُ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الْقَارَةِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ أَيْنَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَخْرَجَنِي قَوْمِي فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ دَارَ هِجْرَتِكُمْ رَأَيْتُ سَبْخَةً ذَاتَ نَخْلٍ بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْنِ وَهُمَا حَرَّتَانِ فَخَرَجَ مَنْ كَانَ مُهَاجِرًا قِبَلَ الْمَدِينَةِ حِينَ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ بَعْضُ مَنْ كَانَ هَاجَرَ إِلَى اللَّهِ أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَتَجَهَّزَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُهَاجِرًا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لِي فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَتَرْجُو ذَلِكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي قَالَ نَعَمْ فَحَبَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِصُحْبَةٍ وَعَلَفَ رَاحِلَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ وَرَقِ السَّمَرِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ يَوْمًا جُلُوسًا فِي بَيْتِنَا فِي نَحْرِ الظَّهِيرَةِ قَالَ قَائِلٌ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُقْبِلًا مُتَقَنِّعًا فِي سَاعَةٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَأْتِينَا فِيهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِدَاءٌ لَهُ أَبِي وَأُمِّي إِنْ جَاءَ بِهِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّاعَةِ إِلَّا أَمْرٌ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ فَأُذِنَ لَهُ فَدَخَلَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ دَخَلَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ أَخْرِجْ مَنْ عِنْدَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّمَا هُمْ أَهْلُكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أُذِنَ لِي فِي الْخُرُوجِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَالصَّحَابَةَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَخُذْ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِحْدَى رَاحِلَتَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالثَّمَنِ قَالَتْ فَجَهَّزْنَاهُمَا أَحَبَّ الْجِهَازِ وَصَنَعْنَا لَهُمَا سُفْرَةً فِي جِرَابٍ فَقَطَعَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا مِنْ نِطَاقِهَا فَأَوْكَتِ الْجِرَابَ فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَتْ تُسَمَّى ذَاتَ النِّطَاقَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَحِقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بِغَارٍ فِي جَبَلٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ ثَوْرٌ فَمَكَثَا فِيهِ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ
Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: Since I gained consciousness, I found my parents following the religion of Islam. Not a day would pass except that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would come to us morning and evening. When, due to Islam, calamities befell the Muslims, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) set out to migrate to Abyssinia. When he reached the place of Bark al-Ghamad (located five days’ journey from Mecca), he met Ibn Daghinnah, who was the chief of the Qarah tribe. Ibn Daghinnah said: Abu Bakr! Where are you going? He replied: My people have expelled me... (the rest of the hadith is mentioned). Meanwhile, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Muslims: Your place of migration has been shown to me. I see it as a land of date palms, situated between two rocky tracts. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said this, those who intended to migrate to Madinah set out, and those who had migrated to the land of Abyssinia for the sake of Allah returned to Madinah, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also began preparations for migration. But the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Wait a little, I hope I will also be granted permission. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May my parents be sacrificed for you, do you also hope for this? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes. So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) held himself back in order to attain the honor of the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and for four months he fed his two camels the leaves of the acacia tree. Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: One day, we were sitting in our house at the beginning of the decline (of the sun), when someone said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): Here comes the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), his head covered, and he is coming at a time when he usually does not come. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May my parents be sacrificed for you, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) must be coming for some special matter at this time. Meanwhile, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived and sought permission to enter. He was granted permission and entered the house. Upon entering, he said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): Send out those who are with you. He said: O Messenger! May my parents be sacrificed for you, they are your family (one is your wife Aisha and the other is your sister-in-law Asma). The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I have been granted permission to migrate. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, I also intend to accompany you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May my parents be sacrificed for you, take one of these two camels. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I will take it for its price. Sayyida (Aisha) says: We prepared those two camels in a very beautiful manner, placed provisions in a leather bag, then Sayyida Asma bint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) tore a piece from her belt and tied the bag with it. For this reason, she is called Dhat al-Nitaqayn (the possessor of two belts). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) reached a cave in the mountain of Thawr and stayed there for three days.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … Dhat an-Nitaqayn: Lady Asma bint Abi Bakr radi Allahu anha tore her waistband into two parts— with one she tied the provision bag, and with the other she tied the mouth of the water-skin. Because of this, she was given this title.
The remainder of this hadith in Sahih al-Bukhari is as follows:
“Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr, who was a clever and intelligent young man, would spend the night with them, and at the end of the night, before dawn, he would leave them and in the morning be with the Quraysh in Makkah as if he had spent the night there. He would not hear of any plot or scheme concerning the two except that he would remember it, and when darkness fell, he would come and inform them of it. Amir ibn Fuhayrah, the freed slave of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, would graze a flock of sheep for them during the day, and when a portion of the night had passed, he would bring the sheep to them, and they would spend the night drinking from their milk until Amir ibn Fuhayrah would drive them away at the end of the night. He did this every night during those three nights.
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr hired a man from Banu ad-Dil, who was from Banu Abd ibn Adi, as a guide. He was an expert guide (khirrit), and the khirrit is one skilled in guiding. He was an ally of the family of al-As ibn Wa’il as-Sahmi and was upon the religion of the disbelievers of Quraysh. They trusted him, so they handed over their two mounts to him and made an appointment with him to bring the two mounts to the cave of Thawr after three nights, in the morning of the third day. Amir ibn Fuhayrah and the guide set out with them, and he led them along the coastal route.”
… Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr, who was a clever and intelligent young man, would spend the night with the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, and at the end of the night, before dawn, he would leave them and in the morning be with the Quraysh in Makkah as if he had spent the night there. Any matter of plotting or scheming by the Quraysh concerning the two, he would remember it and, when darkness fell, would come and inform them. Amir ibn Fuhayrah, the freed slave of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, would graze sheep for them during the day, and late at night he would bring the sheep to them, and the two would spend the night in comfort drinking the milk of those sheep, until Amir ibn Fuhayrah would drive them away at the end of the night. He continued to do this for those three nights.
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu hired a man from the tribe of Banu Dil, who was from Banu Abd ibn Adi, as a worker. He was a very skilled guide and an ally of the family of al-As ibn Wa’il as-Sahmi, and he was upon the religion of the disbelievers of Quraysh. They made him trustworthy and handed over their two mounts to him, and took a promise from him to bring the two mounts to the cave of Thawr in the morning after three nights (and so he came as promised). Along with the two, Amir ibn Fuhayrah and the guide set out, and he led them along the coastal route.
The remainder of this hadith in Sahih al-Bukhari is as follows:
“Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr, who was a clever and intelligent young man, would spend the night with them, and at the end of the night, before dawn, he would leave them and in the morning be with the Quraysh in Makkah as if he had spent the night there. He would not hear of any plot or scheme concerning the two except that he would remember it, and when darkness fell, he would come and inform them of it. Amir ibn Fuhayrah, the freed slave of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, would graze a flock of sheep for them during the day, and when a portion of the night had passed, he would bring the sheep to them, and they would spend the night drinking from their milk until Amir ibn Fuhayrah would drive them away at the end of the night. He did this every night during those three nights.
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr hired a man from Banu ad-Dil, who was from Banu Abd ibn Adi, as a guide. He was an expert guide (khirrit), and the khirrit is one skilled in guiding. He was an ally of the family of al-As ibn Wa’il as-Sahmi and was upon the religion of the disbelievers of Quraysh. They trusted him, so they handed over their two mounts to him and made an appointment with him to bring the two mounts to the cave of Thawr after three nights, in the morning of the third day. Amir ibn Fuhayrah and the guide set out with them, and he led them along the coastal route.”
… Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr, who was a clever and intelligent young man, would spend the night with the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, and at the end of the night, before dawn, he would leave them and in the morning be with the Quraysh in Makkah as if he had spent the night there. Any matter of plotting or scheming by the Quraysh concerning the two, he would remember it and, when darkness fell, would come and inform them. Amir ibn Fuhayrah, the freed slave of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, would graze sheep for them during the day, and late at night he would bring the sheep to them, and the two would spend the night in comfort drinking the milk of those sheep, until Amir ibn Fuhayrah would drive them away at the end of the night. He continued to do this for those three nights.
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu hired a man from the tribe of Banu Dil, who was from Banu Abd ibn Adi, as a worker. He was a very skilled guide and an ally of the family of al-As ibn Wa’il as-Sahmi, and he was upon the religion of the disbelievers of Quraysh. They made him trustworthy and handed over their two mounts to him, and took a promise from him to bring the two mounts to the cave of Thawr in the morning after three nights (and so he came as promised). Along with the two, Amir ibn Fuhayrah and the guide set out, and he led them along the coastal route.
