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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
بيان قصص أنبياء الله عليهم السلامExplanation of the Stories of the Prophets of Allah, Peace Be Upon Them
بَابُ ذِكْرِ نَبِيِّ اللهِ لُوطٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَقَوْلِه تَعَالَى: «قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِى إِلَى رُكْنٍ شَدِيْدٍ»Chapter: Mention of the Prophet of Allah Lut, peace be upon him, and His saying: "He said, 'If only I had against you some power or could take refuge in a strong support'"
Hadith 10351
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ الْكَرِيمَ بْنَ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ الْكَرِيمِ يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَوْ لَبِثْتُ فِي السِّجْنِ مَا لَبِثَ يُوسُفُ ثُمَّ جَاءَنِي الدَّاعِي لَأَجَبْتُهُ إِذْ جَاءَ الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ {ارْجِعْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَاسْأَلْهُ مَا بَالُ النِّسْوَةِ اللَّاتِي قَطَّعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ إِنَّ رَبِّي بِكَيْدِهِنَّ عَلِيمٌ} [يوسف: 50] وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى لُوطٍ إِنْ كَانَ لَيَأْوِي إِلَى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ {لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلَى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ} [هود: 80] وَمَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلَّا فِي ثَرْوَةٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ
Syedna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: The noble son of the noble son of the noble son of the noble—Yusuf, son of Yaqub, son of Ishaq, son of Khalilur Rahman Ibrahim, peace be upon him. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: If I had stayed in prison as long as Yusuf, peace be upon him, stayed, and then a caller had come to me, I would have immediately accepted his word, but Yusuf, peace be upon him, said: "Return to your master and ask him about the women who cut their hands; surely my Lord is well aware of their plot." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, further said: May Allah have mercy on Lut, peace be upon him; he said to his people: "Would that I had strength to resist you or could betake myself to some powerful support." (Surah Hud: 80) After him, whenever Allah sent a prophet, He sent him among a multitude of his people.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … “Noble son of a noble” … means that all four personalities were honored and esteemed elders. By mentioning Yusuf, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, expressing his own humility and modesty, is praising their patience and magnanimity.
By “strength” is meant the strength of one’s own hands and arms, or the strength of one’s resources, or the strength of offspring. And by “strong support” (rukn shadid) is meant the support of family, tribe, or some similar strong backing; that is, in a state of utter helplessness, he is wishing, “If only I had some strength myself, or the protection and help of a family or tribe, then today, because of my guests, I would not be facing this humiliation and disgrace. Rather, I would have dealt with these wicked people and protected my guests.” This wish of Lut alayhis salam is not contrary to reliance upon Allah (tawakkul ‘ala Allah), but is in accordance with apparent means. And the correct meaning of tawakkul ‘ala Allah is precisely this: that first, all apparent means and resources should be employed, and then reliance should be placed upon Allah.
The context of the above-mentioned statement of Lut alayhis salam is explained in the following verses:
{وَلَمَّا جَآئَ تْ رُسُلُنَا لُوْطًا سِیْٓئَ بِھِمْ وَضَاقَ بِھِمْ ذَرْعًا وَّقَالَ ھٰذَا یَوْم’‘ عَصِیْب’‘۔ وَجَآئَہٗقَوْمُہٗیُھْرَعُوْنَ اِلَیْہِ وَمِنْ قَبْلُ کَانُوْا یَعْمَلُوْنَ السَّیِّاٰتِ قَالَ ٰیقَوْمِ ھٰٓؤُلَآئِ بَنَاتِیْ ھُنَّ اَطْھَرُ لَکُمْ فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰہَ وَلَا تُخْزُوْنِ فِیْ ضَیْفِیْ اَلَیْسَ مِنْکُمْ رَجُل’‘ رَّشِیْد’‘۔ قَالُوْا لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَالَنَا فِیْ بَنٰتِکَ مِنْ حَقٍّ وَ اِنَّکَ لَتَعْلَمُ مَا نُرِیْدُ۔ قَالَ لَوْ اَنَّ لِیْ بِکُمْ قُوَّۃً اَوْ اٰوِیْٓ اِلٰی رُکْنٍ شَدِیْدٍ۔ قَالُوْا ٰیلُوْطُ اِنَّا رُسُلُ رَبِّکَ لَنْ یَّصِلُوْٓا اِلَیْکَ فَاَسْرِ بِاَھْلِکَ بِقِطْعٍ مِّنَ الَّیْلِ وَلَا یَلْتَفِتْ مِنْکُمْ اَحَد’‘ اِلَّا امْرَاَتَکَ اِنَّہٗمُصِیْبُھَا مَآ اَصَابَھُمْ اِنَّ مَوْعِدَھُمُ الصُّبْحُ اَلَیْسَ الصُّبْحُ بِقَرِیْبٍ۔ فَلَمَّا جَآئَ اَمْرُنَا جَعَلْنَا عَالِیَھَا سَافِلَھَا وَاَمْطَرْنَا عَلَیْھَا حِجَارَۃً مِّنْ سِجِّیْلٍ مَّنْضُوْدٍ۔ مُّسَوَّمَۃً عِنْدَ رَبِّکَ وَمَا ھِیَ مِنَ الظّٰلِمِیْنَ بِبَعِیْدٍ۔} … And when Our messengers (angels) came to Lut, he was distressed on their account and felt constrained for them, and he said, “This is a very hard day.” And his people came rushing toward him, and they had been doing evil deeds before. He said, “O my people! These are my daughters; they are purer for you. So fear Allah and do not disgrace me concerning my guests. Is there not among you a right-minded man?” They said, “Indeed, you know that we have no claim on your daughters, and indeed, you know what we want.” He said, “If only I had against you some power, or could take refuge in a strong support!” They (the angels) said, “O Lut! Indeed, we are messengers of your Lord; they will never reach you. So set out with your family during a part of the night, and let none of you look back except your wife. Indeed, she will be struck by that which strikes them. Indeed, their appointed time is the morning. Is not the morning near?” So when Our command came, We made its upper part its lower, and rained upon them stones of layered baked clay, marked from your Lord. And it (punishment) is not far from the wrongdoers. (Surah Hud: 77–82)
By “strength” is meant the strength of one’s own hands and arms, or the strength of one’s resources, or the strength of offspring. And by “strong support” (rukn shadid) is meant the support of family, tribe, or some similar strong backing; that is, in a state of utter helplessness, he is wishing, “If only I had some strength myself, or the protection and help of a family or tribe, then today, because of my guests, I would not be facing this humiliation and disgrace. Rather, I would have dealt with these wicked people and protected my guests.” This wish of Lut alayhis salam is not contrary to reliance upon Allah (tawakkul ‘ala Allah), but is in accordance with apparent means. And the correct meaning of tawakkul ‘ala Allah is precisely this: that first, all apparent means and resources should be employed, and then reliance should be placed upon Allah.
The context of the above-mentioned statement of Lut alayhis salam is explained in the following verses:
{وَلَمَّا جَآئَ تْ رُسُلُنَا لُوْطًا سِیْٓئَ بِھِمْ وَضَاقَ بِھِمْ ذَرْعًا وَّقَالَ ھٰذَا یَوْم’‘ عَصِیْب’‘۔ وَجَآئَہٗقَوْمُہٗیُھْرَعُوْنَ اِلَیْہِ وَمِنْ قَبْلُ کَانُوْا یَعْمَلُوْنَ السَّیِّاٰتِ قَالَ ٰیقَوْمِ ھٰٓؤُلَآئِ بَنَاتِیْ ھُنَّ اَطْھَرُ لَکُمْ فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰہَ وَلَا تُخْزُوْنِ فِیْ ضَیْفِیْ اَلَیْسَ مِنْکُمْ رَجُل’‘ رَّشِیْد’‘۔ قَالُوْا لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَالَنَا فِیْ بَنٰتِکَ مِنْ حَقٍّ وَ اِنَّکَ لَتَعْلَمُ مَا نُرِیْدُ۔ قَالَ لَوْ اَنَّ لِیْ بِکُمْ قُوَّۃً اَوْ اٰوِیْٓ اِلٰی رُکْنٍ شَدِیْدٍ۔ قَالُوْا ٰیلُوْطُ اِنَّا رُسُلُ رَبِّکَ لَنْ یَّصِلُوْٓا اِلَیْکَ فَاَسْرِ بِاَھْلِکَ بِقِطْعٍ مِّنَ الَّیْلِ وَلَا یَلْتَفِتْ مِنْکُمْ اَحَد’‘ اِلَّا امْرَاَتَکَ اِنَّہٗمُصِیْبُھَا مَآ اَصَابَھُمْ اِنَّ مَوْعِدَھُمُ الصُّبْحُ اَلَیْسَ الصُّبْحُ بِقَرِیْبٍ۔ فَلَمَّا جَآئَ اَمْرُنَا جَعَلْنَا عَالِیَھَا سَافِلَھَا وَاَمْطَرْنَا عَلَیْھَا حِجَارَۃً مِّنْ سِجِّیْلٍ مَّنْضُوْدٍ۔ مُّسَوَّمَۃً عِنْدَ رَبِّکَ وَمَا ھِیَ مِنَ الظّٰلِمِیْنَ بِبَعِیْدٍ۔} … And when Our messengers (angels) came to Lut, he was distressed on their account and felt constrained for them, and he said, “This is a very hard day.” And his people came rushing toward him, and they had been doing evil deeds before. He said, “O my people! These are my daughters; they are purer for you. So fear Allah and do not disgrace me concerning my guests. Is there not among you a right-minded man?” They said, “Indeed, you know that we have no claim on your daughters, and indeed, you know what we want.” He said, “If only I had against you some power, or could take refuge in a strong support!” They (the angels) said, “O Lut! Indeed, we are messengers of your Lord; they will never reach you. So set out with your family during a part of the night, and let none of you look back except your wife. Indeed, she will be struck by that which strikes them. Indeed, their appointed time is the morning. Is not the morning near?” So when Our command came, We made its upper part its lower, and rained upon them stones of layered baked clay, marked from your Lord. And it (punishment) is not far from the wrongdoers. (Surah Hud: 77–82)
