الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتاب الكنيةBook of Kunya (Nicknames)
بَابُ مَنْ كَنَّى رَجُلاً بِشَيْءٍ هُوَ فِيهِ أَوْ بِأَحَدِهِمْChapter: Giving a Kunya Based on a Trait or One of Them
Hadith 852
حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَازِمٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، إِنْ كَانَتْ أَحَبَّ أَسْمَاءِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَيْهِ لَأَبُو تُرَابٍ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيَفْرَحُ أَنْ يُدْعَى بِهَا، وَمَا سَمَّاهُ أَبَا تُرَابٍ إِلاَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، غَاضَبَ يَوْمًا فَاطِمَةَ، فَخَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ إِلَى الْجِدَارِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، وَجَاءَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتْبَعُهُ، فَقَالَ: هُوَ ذَا مُضْطَجِعٌ فِي الْجِدَارِ، فَجَاءَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدِ امْتَلَأَ ظَهْرُهُ تُرَابًا، فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَيَقُولُ: ”اجْلِسْ أَبَا تُرَابٍ.“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Ali’s (may Allah be pleased with him) favorite name was Abu Turab. He would be pleased when called by this name because it was the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who had given him this name. One day, he became upset with Sayyida Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and left the house, lying down by the wall of the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came looking for him, and he was informed that Ali was lying there by the wall in the mosque. So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came and saw that Ali’s back was covered with dust. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) began to brush the dust off his back and said: “Abu Turab, (get up) sit down.”
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ From this, it is understood that a kunyah (teknonym) can be adopted by attributing it to a particular characteristic besides offspring, just as the kunyah of Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu and Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu was given by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Furthermore, it is permissible to have more than one kunyah, because Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu also had the kunyah Abu al-Hasan.
➋ From this, it is learned that one should adopt an attitude of mercy, compassion, and gentleness towards a son-in-law. Mistreating the son-in-law in support of one's daughter often becomes a cause of resentment and enmity. Also, one should not try to inquire into the details of disputes between the daughter and son-in-law.
➌ If there is a dispute between husband and wife, the husband should leave the house for a short while so that the argument does not escalate, and so that, in a state of anger, no wrong decision is made which may later lead to regret.
➊ From this, it is understood that a kunyah (teknonym) can be adopted by attributing it to a particular characteristic besides offspring, just as the kunyah of Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu and Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu was given by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Furthermore, it is permissible to have more than one kunyah, because Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu also had the kunyah Abu al-Hasan.
➋ From this, it is learned that one should adopt an attitude of mercy, compassion, and gentleness towards a son-in-law. Mistreating the son-in-law in support of one's daughter often becomes a cause of resentment and enmity. Also, one should not try to inquire into the details of disputes between the daughter and son-in-law.
➌ If there is a dispute between husband and wife, the husband should leave the house for a short while so that the argument does not escalate, and so that, in a state of anger, no wrong decision is made which may later lead to regret.
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 852
