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الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتابBook of Morning Supplications
بَابُ الْغِيبَةِ لِلْمَيِّتِChapter: Backbiting the Deceased
Hadith 737
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْهَضْهَاضِ الدَّوْسِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ مَاعِزُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الأَسْلَمِيُّ ، فَرَجَمَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ الرَّابِعَةِ ، فَمَرَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَعَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ، فَقَالَ رَجُلانِ مِنْهُمْ : إِنَّ هَذَا الْخَائِنَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِرَارًا ، كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَرُدُّهُ ، حَتَّى قُتِلَ كَمَا يُقْتَلُ الْكَلْبُ ، فَسَكَتَ عَنْهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى مَرَّ بِجِيفَةِ حِمَارٍ شَائِلَةٌ رِجْلُهُ ، فَقَالَ : ”كُلا مِنْ هَذَا“، قَالا : مِنْ جِيفَةِ حِمَارٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ : ”فَالَّذِي نِلْتُمَا مِنْ عِرْضِ أَخِيكُمَا آنِفًا أَكْثَرُ ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ ، فَإِنَّهُ فِي نَهْرٍ مِنْ أَنْهَارِ الْجَنَّةِ يَتَغَمَّسُ.“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Ma'iz bin Malik Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) came and requested the enforcement of punishment due to adultery. Upon his fourth visit, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had him stoned. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by him with some of his companions, and two men among the companions said: "This treacherous man kept coming to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) repeatedly. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) kept sending him back until he died a dog's death." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent until he passed by a dead donkey, whose leg was raised due to bloating. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Both of you eat from this." They said: "Shall we eat from a dead donkey, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What you have just said about your brother is worse than this. By the One in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, he is now diving in one of the rivers of Paradise."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Although this narration is weak in its chain, nevertheless, the matter of a deceased person should be entrusted to Allah and his faults should not be mentioned, especially if he was a Muslim. For it is possible that Allah, the Exalted, has forgiven him. Furthermore, the story of Sayyiduna Ma'iz radi Allahu anhu is established by an authentic hadith. The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has prohibited speaking ill of the deceased. The Prophetic instruction is:
((لا تسبو الاموات فاتهم قد افضوان الی ما قدموا)) (Sahih Bukhari: 1393)
“Do not speak ill of the dead, for they have reached what they sent forth (i.e., they have met their deeds).” (They have reached their end. Now there is no need or benefit for us to say anything about them. However, their virtues may be mentioned, and in fact, it is commendable so that there may be testimony for them with Allah.)
➋ Backbiting a deceased person is, like with the living, akin to eating carrion. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said that you do not like to eat carrion, so why do you not hesitate in committing this grave crime?
➌ Hazrat Ma'iz radi Allahu anhu repented sincerely from his sin and insisted on the implementation of the prescribed punishment (hadd) so that he might be saved from the punishment of the Hereafter, and thus Allah, the Exalted, forgave him. It is understood from this that the prescribed punishments (hudud) become an expiation for a person's sins. This is explicitly stated in a hadith, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
((وَمَنْ أصَابَ مِنْ ذَالِكَ شَیْئًا فُعُوقِبَ بِهِ فَهُوَ کَفَّارَتُهُ)) (Sahih al-Bukhari, Hudud: 6784)
“And whoever commits any of these sins and is punished for it, then that is his expiation.”
➍ It is permissible to admonish a sinner for the purpose of his reformation; however, it is impermissible to merely criticize, reproach, or speak ill of him after he has been punished. In fact, sometimes the sinner repents and attains forgiveness, while those who comment (negatively) are destroyed.
➊ Although this narration is weak in its chain, nevertheless, the matter of a deceased person should be entrusted to Allah and his faults should not be mentioned, especially if he was a Muslim. For it is possible that Allah, the Exalted, has forgiven him. Furthermore, the story of Sayyiduna Ma'iz radi Allahu anhu is established by an authentic hadith. The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has prohibited speaking ill of the deceased. The Prophetic instruction is:
((لا تسبو الاموات فاتهم قد افضوان الی ما قدموا)) (Sahih Bukhari: 1393)
“Do not speak ill of the dead, for they have reached what they sent forth (i.e., they have met their deeds).” (They have reached their end. Now there is no need or benefit for us to say anything about them. However, their virtues may be mentioned, and in fact, it is commendable so that there may be testimony for them with Allah.)
➋ Backbiting a deceased person is, like with the living, akin to eating carrion. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said that you do not like to eat carrion, so why do you not hesitate in committing this grave crime?
➌ Hazrat Ma'iz radi Allahu anhu repented sincerely from his sin and insisted on the implementation of the prescribed punishment (hadd) so that he might be saved from the punishment of the Hereafter, and thus Allah, the Exalted, forgave him. It is understood from this that the prescribed punishments (hudud) become an expiation for a person's sins. This is explicitly stated in a hadith, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
((وَمَنْ أصَابَ مِنْ ذَالِكَ شَیْئًا فُعُوقِبَ بِهِ فَهُوَ کَفَّارَتُهُ)) (Sahih al-Bukhari, Hudud: 6784)
“And whoever commits any of these sins and is punished for it, then that is his expiation.”
➍ It is permissible to admonish a sinner for the purpose of his reformation; however, it is impermissible to merely criticize, reproach, or speak ill of him after he has been punished. In fact, sometimes the sinner repents and attains forgiveness, while those who comment (negatively) are destroyed.
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 737
