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الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتابBook of Morning Supplications
بَابُ سَيِّدِ الْإِسْتِغْفَارِChapter: The Master of Seeking Forgiveness
Hadith 617
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ ، عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : ”سَيِّدُ الاسْتِغْفَارِ : اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ رَبِّي لا إِلَهَ إِلا أَنْتَ ، خَلَقْتَنِي وَأَنَا عَبْدُكَ ، وَأَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ ، أَبُوءُ لَكَ بِنِعْمَتِكَ ، وَأَبُوءُ لَكَ بِذَنْبِي ، فَاغْفِرْ لِي ، فَإِنَّهُ لا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلا أَنْتَ ، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا صَنَعْتُ ، إِذَا قَالَ حِينَ يُمْسِي فَمَاتَ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ ، أَوْ : كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَإِذَا قَالَ حِينَ يُصْبِحُ فَمَاتَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ... “ مِثْلَهُ .
Narrated from Sayyiduna Shaddad bin Aws (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The chief of supplications for forgiveness (Sayyid al-Istighfar) is this: «اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ رَبِّي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَنِي وَأَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَأَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا صَنَعْتُ أَبُوءُ لَكَ بِنِعْمَتِكَ عَلَيَّ وَأَبُوءُ بِذَنْبِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ» O Allah, You are my Lord, there is no deity except You. You created me and I am Your servant. And I am upon Your covenant and promise as much as I am able. I acknowledge Your blessings upon me, and I confess my sins, so forgive me, for none forgives sins except You. I seek refuge in You from the evil of what I have done. Whoever says these words sincerely in the evening and dies that night will enter Paradise. Or he said: “He will be among the people of Paradise. And whoever says it in the morning and dies that day, then the same reward applies.”
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ When a person who acknowledges the oneness of Allah (Tawhid) and His commands sincerely seeks forgiveness through these words, Allah, the Exalted, forgives that servant. This is because, in these words, the servant mentions his servitude, humility, and being a sinner, and also confesses it. Along with affirming the greatness and majesty of Allah, he makes it clear that all his supplications revolve around this one Being alone, and this is exactly what Allah, the Exalted, desires.
➋ Allah, the Exalted, has set four conditions for forgiveness. The statement of Allah, the Exalted, is:
﴿وَاِنِّي لَغَفَّارٌ لِمَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَی﴾
“And indeed, I am most forgiving to whoever repents and believes and does righteous deeds, then remains guided.”
Thus, faith, repentance, good deeds in the future, and then a life of righteousness are the four fundamental conditions, and in Sayyid al-Istighfar, the servant acknowledges all four of these matters.
➌ Some scholars have differentiated between repentance (tawbah) and seeking forgiveness (istighfar): repentance is to seek pardon for what has been done previously and to resolve not to do it again in the future, whereas in seeking forgiveness (istighfar), one asks for forgiveness for past sins, but the resolve not to commit them again in the future is not included in it. (Fadlullah al-Samad, the mentioned hadith)
➊ When a person who acknowledges the oneness of Allah (Tawhid) and His commands sincerely seeks forgiveness through these words, Allah, the Exalted, forgives that servant. This is because, in these words, the servant mentions his servitude, humility, and being a sinner, and also confesses it. Along with affirming the greatness and majesty of Allah, he makes it clear that all his supplications revolve around this one Being alone, and this is exactly what Allah, the Exalted, desires.
➋ Allah, the Exalted, has set four conditions for forgiveness. The statement of Allah, the Exalted, is:
﴿وَاِنِّي لَغَفَّارٌ لِمَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَی﴾
“And indeed, I am most forgiving to whoever repents and believes and does righteous deeds, then remains guided.”
Thus, faith, repentance, good deeds in the future, and then a life of righteousness are the four fundamental conditions, and in Sayyid al-Istighfar, the servant acknowledges all four of these matters.
➌ Some scholars have differentiated between repentance (tawbah) and seeking forgiveness (istighfar): repentance is to seek pardon for what has been done previously and to resolve not to do it again in the future, whereas in seeking forgiveness (istighfar), one asks for forgiveness for past sins, but the resolve not to commit them again in the future is not included in it. (Fadlullah al-Samad, the mentioned hadith)
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 617
