Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتابBook of a Man’s Work in His House
بَابُ الْبَغْيِChapter: Transgression
Hadith 590
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هَانِئٍ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْجَنْبِيِّ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ”ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُسْأَلُ عَنْهُمْ: رَجُلٌ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ وَعَصَى إِمَامَهُ فَمَاتَ عَاصِيًا، فَلاَ تَسْأَلْ عَنْهُ، وَأَمَةٌ أَوْ عَبْدٌ أَبِقَ مِنْ سَيِّدِهِ، وَامْرَأَةٌ غَابَ زَوْجُهَا، وَكَفَاهَا مَؤُونَةَ الدُّنْيَا فَتَبَرَّجَتْ وَتَمَرَّجَتْ بَعْدَهُ. وَثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُسْأَلُ عَنْهُمْ: رَجُلٌ نَازَعَ اللَّهَ رِدَاءَهُ، فَإِنَّ رِدَاءَهُ الْكِبْرِيَاءُ، وَإِزَارَهُ عِزَّهُ، وَرَجُلٌ شَكَّ فِي أَمْرِ اللهِ، وَالْقُنُوطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللهِ.“
Narrated from Sayyiduna Fadala bin Ubaid (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "There are three people about whom there is no need to even speak (about how great criminals they are): one who separates himself from the community of Muslims and disobeys his Imam and dies in a state of disobedience—do not ask about him (what will become of him); similarly, a slave or bondwoman who runs away from their master; and a woman whose husband goes away somewhere and he provides her with worldly needs and expenses, yet she adorns herself for others and socializes with them. There are also three more people about whose destruction there is no need to ask: the person who tries to snatch the cloak of Allah’s majesty, and His lower garment is His honor; and the person who doubts about Allah; and the one who despairs of the mercy of Allah."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Rebellion against the Imam and ruler, disobedience to him, and taking a separate path from the Muslims is, in reality, the path of transgression, which destroys a person’s worldly life and Hereafter. Similarly, arrogance and pride are also forms of transgressing one’s limits, because it does not befit a human being to act arrogantly before his Creator.
➋ The institution of female slaves and male slaves has almost come to an end. The ruling for employees is not the same as for slaves; they may leave whenever they wish, but it is necessary to adhere to the code of conduct (the agreed-upon terms) so that the other party does not suffer loss.
➌ The man is responsible for the maintenance and expenses (nafaqah) of the woman. If he needs to travel for business or other reasons, he may do so, but it is necessary that he arrange for his wife’s needs. If he does not do so, he is at fault, and the woman has the right to separate from him and seek khul‘ (divorce initiated by the wife). If he does provide for her expenses and the woman continues to remain as his wife, then it is necessary for her to safeguard his honor in his absence and not go about adorned before non-mahram men, lest she herself fall into temptation and lead others astray. To adorn oneself at the husband’s expense and become a source of pleasure for strangers is such a betrayal that is considered a grave crime in the sight of Allah. If a woman cannot remain without her husband for a long period, she should request khul‘, but while remaining in the husband’s marriage, adopting an immodest path is in no way permissible.
➍ In this narration, there is a lesson for those women whose husbands go abroad to earn a living, and they roam the markets morning and evening spending their husbands’ money.
➎ To fall into doubts and suspicions regarding the Exalted Essence of Allah, or to doubt His creation—such as holding the belief that the earth, heavens, or universe came into existence on their own—is a cause for divine punishment. Similarly, to despair of Allah’s mercy is also a major sin. Allah has mentioned in the Noble Qur’an the words of His Prophet Ya‘qub (alayhis salam), who said to his sons that only disbelievers despair of Allah’s mercy. () Elsewhere, Allah has said: Who despairs of the mercy of his Lord except those who are astray? ()
➊ Rebellion against the Imam and ruler, disobedience to him, and taking a separate path from the Muslims is, in reality, the path of transgression, which destroys a person’s worldly life and Hereafter. Similarly, arrogance and pride are also forms of transgressing one’s limits, because it does not befit a human being to act arrogantly before his Creator.
➋ The institution of female slaves and male slaves has almost come to an end. The ruling for employees is not the same as for slaves; they may leave whenever they wish, but it is necessary to adhere to the code of conduct (the agreed-upon terms) so that the other party does not suffer loss.
➌ The man is responsible for the maintenance and expenses (nafaqah) of the woman. If he needs to travel for business or other reasons, he may do so, but it is necessary that he arrange for his wife’s needs. If he does not do so, he is at fault, and the woman has the right to separate from him and seek khul‘ (divorce initiated by the wife). If he does provide for her expenses and the woman continues to remain as his wife, then it is necessary for her to safeguard his honor in his absence and not go about adorned before non-mahram men, lest she herself fall into temptation and lead others astray. To adorn oneself at the husband’s expense and become a source of pleasure for strangers is such a betrayal that is considered a grave crime in the sight of Allah. If a woman cannot remain without her husband for a long period, she should request khul‘, but while remaining in the husband’s marriage, adopting an immodest path is in no way permissible.
➍ In this narration, there is a lesson for those women whose husbands go abroad to earn a living, and they roam the markets morning and evening spending their husbands’ money.
➎ To fall into doubts and suspicions regarding the Exalted Essence of Allah, or to doubt His creation—such as holding the belief that the earth, heavens, or universe came into existence on their own—is a cause for divine punishment. Similarly, to despair of Allah’s mercy is also a major sin. Allah has mentioned in the Noble Qur’an the words of His Prophet Ya‘qub (alayhis salam), who said to his sons that only disbelievers despair of Allah’s mercy. () Elsewhere, Allah has said: Who despairs of the mercy of his Lord except those who are astray? ()
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 590
