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الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتاب السبابBook of Insulting
بَابُ مَنْ قَالَ لآخَرَ: يَا مُنَافِقُ، فِي تَأْوِيلٍ تَأَوَّلَهُChapter: Calling Someone "Hypocrite" Based on One's Own Interpretation
Hadith 438
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا حُصَيْنٌ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: بَعَثَنِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ، وَكِلاَنَا فَارِسٌ، فَقَالَ: ”انْطَلِقُوا حَتَّى تَبْلُغُوا رَوْضَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَبِهَا امْرَأَةٌ مَعَهَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ حَاطِبٍ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَأْتُونِي بِهَا“، فَوَافَيْنَاهَا تَسِيرُ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَهَا حَيْثُ وَصَفَ لَنَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقُلْنَا: الْكِتَابُ الَّذِي مَعَكِ؟ قَالَتْ: مَا مَعِي كِتَابٌ، فَبَحَثْنَاهَا وَبَعِيرَهَا، فَقَالَ صَاحِبِي: مَا أَرَى، فَقُلْتُ: مَا كَذَبَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأُجَرِّدَنَّكِ أَوْ لَتُخْرِجِنَّهُ، فَأَهْوَتْ بِيَدِهَا إِلَى حُجْزَتِهَا وَعَلَيْهَا إِزَارٌ صُوفٌ، فَأَخْرَجَتْ، فَأَتَيْنَا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: خَانَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، دَعْنِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ، وَقَالَ: ”مَا حَمَلَكَ؟“ فَقَالَ: مَا بِي إِلاَّ أَنْ أَكُونَ مُؤْمِنًا بِاللَّهِ، وَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِي عِنْدَ الْقَوْمِ يَدٌ، قَالَ: ”صَدَقَ يَا عُمَرُ، أَوَ لَيْسَ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا، لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ اطَّلَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ: اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ“، فَدَمَعَتْ عَيْنَا عُمَرَ وَقَالَ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent me and Zubair bin Al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him), and we were both riding horses. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Keep going until you reach such-and-such a place, Rawdat Khakh. There you will find a woman who has a letter from Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah to the polytheists. Bring it to me." We caught her in the state exactly as the Prophet (peace be upon him) had described, riding a camel of the same kind. We said: "Take out the letter you have." She said: "I have no letter." We searched her and her camel (but found nothing). My companion said: "I think she does not have it." I said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not lie. By the One in Whose hand is my soul, take out the letter or I will strip you naked." She reached towards the place where she tied her lower garment (waistband) and took out the letter. It was wrapped in a woolen cloth. So we presented it to the Prophet (peace be upon him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "He has betrayed Allah, His Messenger (peace be upon him), and the believers. Allow me to strike off his head." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "(Hatib!) Why did you do this?" Then Sayyiduna Hatib (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "There is nothing in my heart except faith in Allah. My only intention was to do a favor for those people (the polytheists)." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Umar! He has spoken the truth. Was he not present at Badr? Allah knows the condition of all those who were at Badr, so He said regarding them: Do whatever you wish, Paradise has been made obligatory for you." (Upon hearing this) tears came to the eyes of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and he said: "Allah and His Messenger know best."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ In some narrations, it is mentioned that Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu said: "O Messenger of Allah! Allow me to strike the neck of this hypocrite." These very words are Imam Bukhari's evidence that if a person, upon seeing someone’s actions, calls him a hypocrite according to his own understanding, he is not blameworthy; however, he will be corrected.
➋ Hatib radi Allahu anhu was a noble Companion. He participated in the Battle of Badr and was also a Muhajir (emigrant). The relatives of those who migrated from Makkah were present there, who would defend their wives and children, but Hatib radi Allahu anhu’s tribe was not there. He thought to do a favor for the people of Makkah so that they would take care of his children. As for the matter of war, Allah Ta’ala would, in any case, grant victory to His Messenger.
➌ From this, it is understood that it is permissible to use strictness to extract secrets from spies and the like, and for security concerns, body searches may be conducted.
➊ In some narrations, it is mentioned that Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu said: "O Messenger of Allah! Allow me to strike the neck of this hypocrite." These very words are Imam Bukhari's evidence that if a person, upon seeing someone’s actions, calls him a hypocrite according to his own understanding, he is not blameworthy; however, he will be corrected.
➋ Hatib radi Allahu anhu was a noble Companion. He participated in the Battle of Badr and was also a Muhajir (emigrant). The relatives of those who migrated from Makkah were present there, who would defend their wives and children, but Hatib radi Allahu anhu’s tribe was not there. He thought to do a favor for the people of Makkah so that they would take care of his children. As for the matter of war, Allah Ta’ala would, in any case, grant victory to His Messenger.
➌ From this, it is understood that it is permissible to use strictness to extract secrets from spies and the like, and for security concerns, body searches may be conducted.
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 438
