Adab al-Mufrad

Benefits and Issues:
➊ In a narration of Tirmidhi, it is stated that four things are acts of ignorance: wailing (over the dead), criticizing lineage, considering illness to be contagious, and believing the stars to have an effect. (Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, Al-Jana’iz, Hadith: 1001)
That is, these are ignorant beliefs and customs from before Islam, from which it is necessary to abstain as much as possible, and committing them is a major sin.

➋ To loudly mention the virtues and qualities of someone upon their death, such as saying, “You were such and such, you were this, you were that,” etc., or to express such grief and distress as to say, “If only you had not died, I would have died,” or to wail and lament—this is called “wailing” (nawh). Crying silently without raising the voice does not fall under this category. The statement of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is:
“If a woman who wails dies without repenting, she will be raised on the Day of Resurrection wearing a garment of pitch and a cloak of scabs.” (Sahih Muslim, Al-Jana’iz, Hadith: 934)

➌ When “hasab” and “nasab” are used together, their meanings are distinct. “Hasab” refers to a person’s own achievements, such as bravery and courage, etc., while “nasab” refers to the mention of forefathers and mothers. To reproach someone because of their family is an act of ignorance, because all humans are the children of Adam, and it is never permissible to attribute someone’s mistake or weakness to another.