الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتاب الوالدينBook of Parents
بَابُ بِرِّ الْوَالِدِ الْمُشْرِكِChapter: Dutifulness to a Polytheist Parent
Hadith 25
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: أَخْبَرَتْنِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ: أَتَتْنِي أُمِّي رَاغِبَةً، فِي عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَصِلُهَا؟ قَالَ: ”نَعَمْ.“ قَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهَا: ﴿لاَ يَنْهَاكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ﴾ [الممتحنة: 8].
Narrated from Sayyidah Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) that during the treaty of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with the polytheists of Makkah, my mother (who was still upon her polytheistic beliefs) came to me desiring (to maintain) family ties, so I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), "Should I maintain family ties with her?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes." Ibn Uyaynah says: Regarding this, Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: «لَا يَنْهَاكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ» [سورہ الممتحنہ: 8] "Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion..."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Lady Asma bint Abi Bakr radi Allahu anhuma is called "Dhun-Nitaqayn" (the possessor of two waistbands). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu married Qaylah bint Abd al-Uzza before Islam, and from her womb, Lady Asma radi Allahu anha was born twenty-seven (27) years before the Hijrah. Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu divorced Qaylah even before the advent of Islam. Lady Asma radi Allahu anha accepted Islam from the very beginning. From her womb, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair was born. She was a very courageous woman.
➋ From this hadith, it is understood that even if parents harbor hatred and enmity towards Islam, one should still maintain ties of kinship with them. Some people, when their parents follow a different school of thought, abandon them or treat them badly. Such behavior is blameworthy.
➌ If there is hesitation regarding any legal (shar‘i) issue, one should ask about it so that one can act according to the correct position.
➍ This hadith also shows that the noble Companions and female Companions radi Allahu anhum gave precedence to religion over kinship, and if there was a conflict between kinship and religion, they would not care about kinship in the least.
➎ Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah, quoting Imam Khattabi, states that it is understood from this that maintaining ties of kinship with disbelieving parents in the form of wealth and the like is just as necessary as with Muslim parents. And it has also been deduced that the maintenance (nafaqah) of parents is the responsibility of the children, even if the parents are disbelievers. (Sahih al-Adab al-Mufrad: 1/44)
➏ The details regarding the conduct with disbelieving parents have already been mentioned in the previous hadith.
➊ Lady Asma bint Abi Bakr radi Allahu anhuma is called "Dhun-Nitaqayn" (the possessor of two waistbands). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu married Qaylah bint Abd al-Uzza before Islam, and from her womb, Lady Asma radi Allahu anha was born twenty-seven (27) years before the Hijrah. Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu divorced Qaylah even before the advent of Islam. Lady Asma radi Allahu anha accepted Islam from the very beginning. From her womb, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair was born. She was a very courageous woman.
➋ From this hadith, it is understood that even if parents harbor hatred and enmity towards Islam, one should still maintain ties of kinship with them. Some people, when their parents follow a different school of thought, abandon them or treat them badly. Such behavior is blameworthy.
➌ If there is hesitation regarding any legal (shar‘i) issue, one should ask about it so that one can act according to the correct position.
➍ This hadith also shows that the noble Companions and female Companions radi Allahu anhum gave precedence to religion over kinship, and if there was a conflict between kinship and religion, they would not care about kinship in the least.
➎ Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah, quoting Imam Khattabi, states that it is understood from this that maintaining ties of kinship with disbelieving parents in the form of wealth and the like is just as necessary as with Muslim parents. And it has also been deduced that the maintenance (nafaqah) of parents is the responsibility of the children, even if the parents are disbelievers. (Sahih al-Adab al-Mufrad: 1/44)
➏ The details regarding the conduct with disbelieving parents have already been mentioned in the previous hadith.
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 25
