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الادب المفرد
Adab al-Mufrad
كتاب الجارBook of the Neighbor
بَابُ مَنْ آذَى جَارَهُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَChapter: One Who Harms His Neighbor Until He Leaves
Hadith 127
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَرْطَاةُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ، يَعْنِي أَبَا عَامِرٍ الْحِمْصِيَّ، قَالَ: كَانَ ثَوْبَانُ يَقُولُ: مَا مِنْ رَجُلَيْنِ يَتَصَارَمَانِ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ، فَيَهْلِكُ أَحَدُهُمَا، فَمَاتَا وَهُمَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمُصَارَمَةِ، إِلاَّ هَلَكَا جَمِيعًا، وَمَا مِنْ جَارٍ يَظْلِمُ جَارَهُ وَيَقْهَرُهُ، حَتَّى يَحْمِلَهُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ، إِلاَّ هَلَكَ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: If two people sever relations with each other for more than three days, and then one of them dies (or in the case that) both die while they are still boycotting each other, then both are ruined, meaning they become deserving of punishment and Hell. And any person who oppresses his neighbor to the extent that the neighbor, being distressed by this oppression, is forced to leave his home, then that person is certainly ruined as well.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Usman Muneeb
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Thawban radi Allahu anhu was the special servant of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. His original homeland was Yemen. He came as a captive, so the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam bought him and set him free, and gave him permission to return to his homeland, but he preferred to remain with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
➋ It is forbidden (haram) to sever ties with a Muslim out of anger for more than three days, and the punishment for committing this forbidden act is Hellfire if one dies in this state and does not repent from his sin. However, for the sake of Allah, it is permissible to sever ties with someone for more than three days. For example, if a person does not perform prayer (salah) or is disobedient to Allah, and after being advised still does not abandon the sin, then severing ties with him will be permissible. Just as the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam boycotted and had others boycott those who stayed behind from the Battle of Tabuk, and its duration was fifty days. (Bukhari: 4418)
➌ The details regarding the rights of neighbors have already been mentioned. Here, the purpose is to state that committing injustice against any ordinary person is a grave abomination, let alone committing injustice against a neighbor, who is more deserving than others of a person’s good conduct. Whoever destroys someone’s peace in this world, Allah Ta’ala will destroy his peace in the Hereafter, and he will be cast into Hell.
➍ A person will enter Hell because of his evil deeds. Therefore, he should avoid acts of disobedience and sin, and especially, with regard to the rights of people (huquq al-‘ibad), he should avoid all forms of injustice and negligence.
➊ Thawban radi Allahu anhu was the special servant of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. His original homeland was Yemen. He came as a captive, so the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam bought him and set him free, and gave him permission to return to his homeland, but he preferred to remain with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
➋ It is forbidden (haram) to sever ties with a Muslim out of anger for more than three days, and the punishment for committing this forbidden act is Hellfire if one dies in this state and does not repent from his sin. However, for the sake of Allah, it is permissible to sever ties with someone for more than three days. For example, if a person does not perform prayer (salah) or is disobedient to Allah, and after being advised still does not abandon the sin, then severing ties with him will be permissible. Just as the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam boycotted and had others boycott those who stayed behind from the Battle of Tabuk, and its duration was fifty days. (Bukhari: 4418)
➌ The details regarding the rights of neighbors have already been mentioned. Here, the purpose is to state that committing injustice against any ordinary person is a grave abomination, let alone committing injustice against a neighbor, who is more deserving than others of a person’s good conduct. Whoever destroys someone’s peace in this world, Allah Ta’ala will destroy his peace in the Hereafter, and he will be cast into Hell.
➍ A person will enter Hell because of his evil deeds. Therefore, he should avoid acts of disobedience and sin, and especially, with regard to the rights of people (huquq al-‘ibad), he should avoid all forms of injustice and negligence.
Source: Fadlullah al-Ahad: Urdu Commentary on al-Adab al-Mufrad, Page: 127
