سنن ابي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
كتاب الملاحم
Battles (Kitab Al-Malahim)
باب الأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْىِ
Chapter: Command And Prohibition.
Hadith 4336
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَذِيمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا دَخَلَ النَّقْصُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَلْقَى الرَّجُلَ ، فَيَقُولُ : يَا هَذَا اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَدَعْ مَا تَصْنَعُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ ، ثُمَّ يَلْقَاهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَلَا يَمْنَعُهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَكِيلَهُ وَشَرِيبَهُ وَقَعِيدَهُ فَلَمَّا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَ بَعْضِهِمْ بِبَعْضٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَاسِقُونَ سورة المائدة آية 78 ـ 81 ثُمَّ قَالَ : كَلَّا وَاللَّهِ لَتَأْمُرُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلَتَنْهَوُنَّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَلَتَأْخُذُنَّ عَلَى يَدَيِ الظَّالِمِ وَلَتَأْطُرُنَّهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ أَطْرًا وَلَتَقْصُرُنَّهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ قَصْرًا " .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The first defect that permeated Banu Isra'il was that a man (of them) met another man and said: O so-and-so, fear Allah, and abandon what you are doing, for it is not lawful for you. He then met him the next day and that did not prevent him from eating with him, drinking with him and sitting with him. When they did so. Allah mingled their hearts with each other. He then recited the verse: "curses were pronounced on those among the children of Isra'il who rejected Faith, by the tongue of David and of Jesus the son of Mary". . . up to "wrongdoers". He then said: By no means, I swear by Allah, you must enjoin what is good and prohibit what is evil, prevent the wrongdoer, bend him into conformity with what is right, and restrict him to what is right.
Hadith 4337
حَدَّثَنَا خَلَفُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شِهَابٍ الْحَنَّاطُ ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِنَحْوِهِ زَادَ أَوْ لَيَضْرِبَنَّ اللَّهُ بِقُلُوبِ بَعْضِكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ ثُمَّ لَيَلْعَنَنَّكُمْ كَمَا لَعَنَهُمْ : قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : رَوَاهُ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ الْأَفْطَسِ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، وَرَوَاهُ خَالِدٌ الطَّحَّانُ ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ .
A similar tradition (to the No. 4322) has also been transmitted by Ibn Masud through a different chain of narrators to the same effect. This version adds: "Or Allah will mingle your hearts together and curse you as He cursed them. " Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted by al-Muharibi, from al-'Ala bin al-Musayyab, from Abdullah bin Amr bin Murrah, from Salim al-Aftas, from Abu Ubaidah, from Abdullah; and it is been transmitted by Khalid al-Tahhan, from al-'Ala, from Amr bin Murrah from Abu Ubaidah.
Hadith 4338
حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ . ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ الْمَعْنَى ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيل ، عَنْ قَيْسٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَتَضَعُونَهَا عَلَى غَيْرِ مَوَاضِعِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ لا يَضُرُّكُمْ مَنْ ضَلَّ إِذَا اهْتَدَيْتُمْ سورة المائدة آية 105 قَالَ : عَنْ خَالِدٍ ، وَإِنَّا سَمِعْنَا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ النَّاسَ إِذَا رَأَوْا الظَّالِمَ فَلَمْ يَأْخُذُوا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ أَوْشَكَ أَنْ يَعُمَّهُمُ اللَّهُ بِعِقَابٍ ، وَقَالَ عَمْرٌو ، عَنْ هُشَيْمٍ ، وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : مَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْمَعَاصِي ثُمَّ يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يُغَيِّرُوا ثُمَّ لَا يُغَيِّرُوا إِلَّا يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَعُمَّهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ بِعِقَابٍ " ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَرَوَاهُ كَمَا قَالَ خَالِدٌ أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، وَجَمَاعَةٌ وَقَالَ شُعْبَةُ فِيهِ مَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْمَعَاصِي هُمْ أَكْثَرُ مِمَّنْ يَعْمَلُهُ .
Narrated Abu Bakr: You people recite this verse "You who believe, care for yourselves; he who goes astray cannot harm you when you are rightly-guided, " and put it in its improper place. Khalid's version has: We heard the Prophet ﷺ say: When the people see a wrongdoer and do not prevent him, Allah will soon punish them all. Amr ibn Hushaym's version has: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If acts of disobedience are done among any people and do not change them though the are able to do so, Allah will soon punish them all. Adu Dawud said: This tradition has also been transmitted by Abu Usamah and a group transmitters similar to the version narrated by Khalid. The version of Shubah has: "If acts of obedience are done among any people who are more numerous than those who do them. . . . "
Hadith 4339
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَّدَدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاق ، أَظُنُّهُ عَنْ ابْنِ جَرِيرٍ ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ فِي قَوْمٍ يُعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْمَعَاصِي يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يُغَيِّرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يُغَيِّرُوا إِلَّا أَصَابَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِعَذَابٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَمُوتُوا " .
Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: The Prophet ﷺ said: If any man is among a people in whose midst he does acts of disobedience, and, though they are able to make him change (his acts), they do not change, Allah will smite them with punishment before they die.
Hadith 4340
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، وَهَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيل بْنِ رَجَاءٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ،وَعَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " مَنْ رَأَى مُنْكَرًا فَاسْتَطَاعَ أَنْ يُغَيِّرَهُ بِيَدِهِ فَلْيُغَيِّرْهُ بِيَدِهِ ، وَقَطَعَ هَنَّادٌ بَقِيَّةَ الْحَدِيثِ وَفَّاهُ ابْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ الْإِيمَانِ " .
Abu Saeed Al-Khudri said: I head the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If any one you sees something objectionable, he should change it with his hand if he can change it with his hand. (The narrator Hammad broke the rest of the tradition which was completed by Ibn al-Ala. ) But if he cannot (do so), he should do it with his tongue, and if he cannot (do so with) his tongue he should do it in his heart, that being the weakest form of faith.
Hadith 4341
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْعَتَكِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، عَنْ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ جَارِيَةَ اللَّخْمِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ الشَّعْبَانِيُّ ، قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيَّ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ كَيْفَ تَقُولُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ سورة المائدة آية 105 ، قَالَ : أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ عَنْهَا خَبِيرًا سَأَلْتُ عَنْهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " بَلِ ائْتَمِرُوا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنَاهَوْا عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَيْتَ شُحًّا مُطَاعًا وَهَوًى مُتَّبَعًا وَدُنْيَا مُؤْثَرَةً وَإِعْجَابَ كُلِّ ذِي رَأْيٍ بِرَأْيِهِ ، فَعَلَيْكَ يَعْنِي بِنَفْسِكَ وَدَعْ عَنْكَ الْعَوَامَّ فَإِنَّ مِنْ وَرَائِكُمْ أَيَّامَ الصَّبْرِ الصَّبْرُ فِيهِ مِثْلُ قَبْضٍ عَلَى الْجَمْرِ لِلْعَامِلِ فِيهِمْ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا يَعْمَلُونَ مِثْلَ عَمَلِهِ وَزَادَنِي غَيْرُهُ ، قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَجْرُ خَمْسِينَ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ : أَجْرُ خَمْسِينَ مِنْكُمْ " .
Abu Umayyah ash-Sha'bani said: I asked Abu Thalabah al-Khushani: What is your opinion about the verse "Care for yourselves". He said: I swear by Allah, I asked the one who was well informed about it; I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it. He said: No, enjoin one another to do what is good and forbid one another to do what is evil. But when you see niggardliness being obeyed, passion being followed, worldly interests being preferred, everyone being charmed with his opinion, then care for yourself, and leave alone what people in general are doing; for ahead of you are days which will require endurance, in which showing endurance will be like grasping live coals. The one who acts rightly during that period will have the reward of fifty men who act as he does. Another version has: He said (The hearers asked: ) Messenger of Allah, the reward of fifty of them? He replied: The reward of fifty of you.
Hadith 4342
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ الْعَزِيزِ بْنَ أَبِي حَازِمٍ حَدَّثَهُمْ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " كَيْفَ بِكُمْ وَبِزَمَانٍ أَوْ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ زَمَانٌ يُغَرْبَلُ النَّاسُ فِيهِ غَرْبَلَةً تَبْقَى حُثَالَةٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ قَدْ مَرِجَتْ عُهُودُهُمْ وَأَمَانَاتُهُمْ وَاخْتَلَفُوا ، فَكَانُوا هَكَذَا وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : وَكَيْفَ بِنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ : تَأْخُذُونَ مَا تَعْرِفُونَ وَتَذَرُونَ مَا تُنْكِرُونَ وَتُقْبِلُونَ عَلَى أَمْرِ خَاصَّتِكُمْ وَتَذَرُونَ أَمْرَ عَامَّتِكُمْ " ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : هَكَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As: The Prophet ﷺ said: How will you do when that time will come? Or he said: A time will soon come when the people are sifted and only dregs of mankind survive and their covenants and guarantees have been impaired and they have disagreed among themselves and become thus, interwining his fingers. They asked: What do you order us to do, Messenger of Allah? He replied: Accept what you approve, abandon what you disapprove, attend to your own affairs and leave alone the affairs of the generality. Abu dawud said: A similar tradition has been transmitted by Abdullah bin Amr from the Prophet ﷺ through different chain.
Hadith 4343
حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاق ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ خَبَّابٍ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عِكْرِمَةُ ،حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، قَالَ : بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ حَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ ذَكَرَ الْفِتْنَةَ ، فَقَالَ : " إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ النَّاسَ قَدْ مَرِجَتْ عُهُودُهُمْ وَخَفَّتْ أَمَانَاتُهُمْ وَكَانُوا هَكَذَا وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ ، قَالَ : فَقُمْتُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقُلْتُ : كَيْفَ أَفْعَلُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ ؟ قَالَ : الْزَمْ بَيْتَكَ وَامْلِكْ عَلَيْكَ لِسَانَكَ وَخُذْ بِمَا تَعْرِفُ وَدَعْ مَا تُنْكِرُ وَعَلَيْكَ بِأَمْرِ خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِكَ وَدَعْ عَنْكَ أَمْرَ الْعَامَّةِ " .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As: When we were around the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he mentioned the period of commotion (fitnah) saying: When you see the people that their covenants have been impaired, (the fulfilling of) the guarantees becomes rare, and they become thus (interwining his fingers). I then got up and said: What should I do at that time, may Allah make me ransom for you? He replied: Keep to your house, control your tongue, accept what you approve, abandon what you disapprove, attend to your own affairs, and leave alone the affairs of the generality.
Hadith 4344
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُحَادَةَ ، عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ الْعَوْفِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَفْضَلُ الْجِهَادِ كَلِمَةُ عَدْلٍ عِنْدَ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ أَوْ أَمِيرٍ جَائِرٍ " .
Narrated Abu Saeed al-Khudri: The Prophet ﷺ said: The best fighting (jihad) in the path of Allah is (to speak) a word of justice to an oppressive ruler.
Hadith 4345
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُغِيرَةُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْمُوصِلِيُّ ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ ، عَنِ الْعُرْسِ ابْنِ عَمِيرَةَ الْكِنْدِيِّ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " إِذَا عُمِلَتِ الْخَطِيئَةُ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَانَ مَنْ شَهِدَهَا فَكَرِهَهَا ، وَقَالَ : مَرَّةً أَنْكَرَهَا كَانَ كَمَنْ غَابَ عَنْهَا وَمَنْ غَابَ عَنْهَا فَرَضِيَهَا كَانَ كَمَنْ شَهِدَهَا " .
Narrated Al-Urs bin Amirat al-Kindi: The Prophet ﷺ said: When sin is done in the earth, he who sees it and disapproves of it will be taken like one who was not present, but he who is not present and approves of it will be like him who sees.
Hadith 4346
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوَهُ ، قَالَ : مَنْ شَهِدَهَا فَكَرِهَهَا كَانَ كَمَنْ غَابَ عَنْهَا .
A similar tradition has also been transmitted by ‘Adl from the prophet ﷺ though a different chain of narrators. This version has: He who sees it and disapproves of it will be like him who was not present.
Hadith 4347
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، وَحَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، وَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ وَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ، حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : "لَنْ يَهْلَكَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى يَعْذِرُوا أَوْ يُعْذِرُوا مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ " .
A man from among the companions of the prophet ﷺ reported him as saying: The people will not perish until their sins and faults become abundant, and there remains no excuse for them.
