سنن ابي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
كتاب الفرائض
Shares of Inheritance (Kitab Al-Faraid)
باب فِي مِيرَاثِ ذَوِي الأَرْحَامِ
Chapter: Regarding The Inheritance For Those Related Due To The Womb.
Hadith 2899
حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ بُدَيْلٍ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ لُحَيٍّ ، عَنْ الْمِقْدَامِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ تَرَكَ كَلًّا فَإِلَيَّ ، وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَأَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ أَعْقِلُ لَهُ وَأَرِثُهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ ، مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ يَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَيَرِثُهُ " .
Narrated Al-Miqdam al-Kindi: The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone leaves a debt or a helpless family I shall be responsible-and sometimes the narrator said: Allah and His Messenger will be responsible-but if anyone leaves property, it goes to his heirs. I am the heirs of him who has none, paying blood-wit for him and inheriting from him; and a maternal uncle is the heir of him who has none, paying blood-wit for him and inheriting from him.
Hadith 2900
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، فِي آخَرِينَ قَالُوا : حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، عَنْ بُدَيْلٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَيْسَرَةَ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ ، عَنْ الْمِقْدَامِ الْكِنْدِيِّ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَنَا أَوْلَى بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ ، فَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيْعَةً فَإِلَيَّ ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَأَنَا مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ أَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَأَفُكُّ عَانَهُ ، وَالْخَالُ مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ يَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَيَفُكُّ عَانَهُ " ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد ، رَوَاهُ الزُّبَيْدِيُّ ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَائِذٍ ، عَنْ الْمِقْدَامِ ، وَرَوَاهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ رَاشِدٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ الْمِقْدَامَ ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : يَقُولُ الضَّيْعَةُ مَعْنَاهُ عِيَالٌ .
Narrated Al-Miqdam al-Kindi: The Prophet ﷺ said: I am nearer to every believer than himself, so if anyone leaves a debt or a helpless family, I shall be responsible, but if anyone leaves property, it goes to his heirs. I am patron of him who has none, inheriting his property and freeing him from his liabilities. A maternal uncle is patron of him who has none, inheriting his property and freeing him from his liabilities. Abu Dawud said: da'iah means dependants or helpless family. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted by al-Zubaidi from Rashid bin Saad from Ibn 'A'idh on the authority of al-Miqdam. It has also been transmitted by Muawiyah bin Salih from Rashid who said: I heard al-Miqdam (say).
Hadith 2901
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ عَتِيقٍ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ حُجْرٍ ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " أَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ أَفُكُّ عَانِيَهُ وَأَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ ، مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ يَفُكُّ عَانِيَهُ وَيَرِثُ مَالَهُ " .
Narrated Al-Miqdam: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: I am the heirs of Him who has none, freeing him from his liabilities, and inheriting what he possesses. A maternal uncle is the heir of Him who has none, freeing him from his liabilities, and inheriting his property.
Hadith 2902
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ جَمِيعًا ، عَنْ ابْنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدِ بْنِ وَرْدَانَ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، أَنَّ مَوْلًى لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ شَيْئًا وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَلَدًا وَلَا حَمِيمًا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَعْطُوا مِيرَاثَهُ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ قَرْيَتِهِ " ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَحَدِيثُ سُفْيَانَ أَتَمُّ ، وقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : قَالَ : فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " هَاهُنَا أَحَدٌ مَنْ أَهْلِ أَرْضِهِ ، قَالُوا : نَعَمْ قَالَ : فَأَعْطُوهُ مِيرَاثَهُ " .
Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: A client of the Prophet ﷺ died and left some property, but he left no child or relative. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Give what he has left to a man belonging to his village. Abu Dawud said: The tradition of Sufyan is more perfect. Musaddad said: Thereupon the Prophet ﷺ said: Is there anyone belonging to his land ? They replied: Yes. He said: Then give him what he has left.
Hadith 2903
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُحَارِبِيُّ ، عَنْ جِبْرِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلٌ ، فَقَالَ : " إِنَّ عِنْدِي مِيرَاثَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ الْأَزْدِ وَلَسْتُ أَجِدُ أَزْدِيًّا أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ : اذْهَبْ فَالْتَمِسْ أَزْدِيًّا حَوْلًا ، قَالَ : فَأَتَاهُ بَعْدَ الْحَوْلِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ أَجِدْ أَزْدِيًّا أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلِقْ فَانْظُرْ أَوَّلَ خُزَاعِيٍّ تَلْقَاهُ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَلَمَّا وَلَّى قَالَ : عَلَيَّ الرَّجُلُ ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُ قَالَ : انْظُرْ كُبْرَ خُزَاعَةَ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ " .
Narrated Buraydah ibn al-Hasib: A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: I have property left by a man of Azd. I do not find any man of Azd to give it to him. He said: Go and look for man of Azd for a year. He then came to him after one year and said: Messenger of Allah, I did not find any man of Azd to give it to him. He said: Look for a man of Khuzaah whom you meet first and give it to him. When he turned away, he said; Call the man to me. When he came to him, he said: Look for the leading man of Khuzaah and give it to him.
Hadith 2904
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَسْوَدَ الْعِجْلِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ ، عَنْ جِبْرِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِيرَاثِهِ ، فَقَالَ : الْتَمِسُوا لَهُ وَارِثًا ، أَوْ ذَا رَحِمٍ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا لَهُ وَارِثًا وَلَا ذَا رَحِمٍ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَعْطُوهُ الْكُبْرَ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ " ، وَقَالَ يَحْيَى : قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ مَرَّةً يَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ : انْظُرُوا أَكْبَرَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ .
Narrated Buraydah ibn al-Hasib: A man of Khuzaah died and his estate was brought to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: Look for his heir or some relative. But they found neither heir nor relative. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Give it to the leading man of Khuzaah. The narrator Yahya said: Sometimes I heard him (al-Husayn ibn Aswad) say in this tradition: Look for the greatest man of Khuzaah.
Hadith 2905
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ عَوْسَجَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَارِثًا إِلَّا غُلَامًا لَهُ كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " هَلْ لَهُ أَحَدٌ ؟ ، قَالُوا : لَا إِلَّا غُلَامًا لَهُ كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ " ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِيرَاثَهُ لَهُ .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: A man died leaving no heir but a slave whom he had emancipated. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked: Has he any heir? They replied: No, except a slave whom he had emancipated. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ assigned his estate to him (the emancipated slave).
