سنن ابي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
كتاب الجهاد
Jihad (Kitab Al-Jihad)
باب فِي السَّلَبِ يُعْطَى الْقَاتِلُ
Chapter: Regarding The Salab (Spoils) Being Given To The Person Who Killed.
Hadith 2717
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، قَالَ : خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي عَامِ حُنَيْنٍ ، فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ قَالَ : فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ عَلَا رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ : فَاسْتَدَرْتُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ ، فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ ، قَالَ : أَمْرُ اللَّهِ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا وَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ : " مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ ، قَالَ : فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ الثَّانِيَةَ : مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ ، قَالَ : فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ الثَّالِثَةَ : فَقُمْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ ؟ قَالَ : فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ : صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَلَبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِي فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهُ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ : لَاهَا اللَّهِ إِذًا يَعْمِدُ إِلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللَّهِ يُقَاتِلُ عَنِ اللَّهِ ، وَعَنْ رَسُولِهِ فَيُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : صَدَقَ فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ " ، فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ : فَأَعْطَانِيهِ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلَمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ .
Abu Qatadah said “We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the year of Hunain. And when the armies met, the Muslims suffered a reverse. I saw one of the polytheists prevailing over a Muslim, so I went round him till I came to him from behind and struck him with my sword at the vein between his neck and shoulder. He came towards me and closed with me, so that I felt death was near, but he was overtaken by death and let me go. I then caught upon on “Umar bin Al Khattab and said to him “What is the matter with the people?” He said “It is what Allaah has commanded. Then the people returned and the Messenger of Allah ﷺsat down and said “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down. ” He said again “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down. ” He then said the same for the third time. I then stood up. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “What is the matter with you, Abu Qatadah? I told him the story. A man from the people said “He has spoken the truth, and I have this spoil with me, so make him agreeable (to take something in exchange). Abu Bakr said “In that case I swear by Allaah that he must not do so. One of the Allaah’s heroes does not fight for Allaah and his Messenger and then give you his spoil. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “He has spoken the truth, hand it over to him. Abu Qatadah said “he handed it over to me, I sold the coat of mail and brought a garden among Banu Salamh. This was the first property I acquired in the Islamic period.
Hadith 2718
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاق بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَعْنِي يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ : " مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ فَقَتَلَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَأَخَذَ أَسْلَابَهُمْ ، وَلَقِيَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ وَمَعَهَا خِنْجَرٌ فَقَالَ : يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ مَا هَذَا مَعَكِ ؟ قَالَتْ : أَرَدْتُ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ دَنَا مِنِّي بَعْضُهُمْ أَبْعَجُ بِهِ بَطْنَهُ " ، فَأَخْبَرَ بِذَلِكَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : أَرَدْنَا بِهَذَا الْخِنْجَرَ وَكَانَ سِلَاحَ الْعَجَمِ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْخِنْجَرُ .
Anas reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying “He who kills and infidel gets his spoil. ” Abu Talhah killed twenty men that day meaning the day of Hunain and got their spoils. Abu Talhah met Umm Sulaim who had a dagger with her. He asked “What is with you, Umm Sulaim”? She replied “I swear by Allaah, I intended that if anyone came near me I would pierce his belly with it. Abu Talhah informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺabout it. Abu Dawud said “This is good (hasan) tradition. " Abu Dawud said “By this was meant dagger. The weapon used by the Non – Arabs in those days was dagger. ”
