سنن ابي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
كتاب تفريع أبواب الطلاق
Divorce (Kitab Al-Talaq)
باب نَسْخِ الْمُرَاجَعَةِ بَعْدَ التَّطْلِيقَاتِ الثَّلاَثِ
Chapter: The Abrogation Of Taking Back A Wife After The Third Divorce.
Hadith 2195
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : "وَالْمُطَلَّقَاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَلا يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَكْتُمْنَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي أَرْحَامِهِنَّ سورة البقرة آية 228 الْآيَةَ ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ إِذَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ، فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِرَجْعَتِهَا ، وَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا فَنُسِخَ ذَلِكَ ، وَقَالَ : الطَّلاقُ مَرَّتَانِ سورة البقرة آية 229 " .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Divorced women shall wait concerning themselves for three monthly periods. Nor is it lawful for them to hide what Allah hath created in their wombs. This means that if a man divorced his wife he had the right to take her back in marriage though he had divorced her by three pronouncements. This was then repealed (by a Quranic verse). Divorce is only permissible twice.
Hadith 2196
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي بَعْضُ بَنِي أَبِي رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : طَلَّقَ عَبْدُ يَزِيدَ أَبُو رُكَانَةَ وَإِخْوَتِهِ أُمَّ رُكَانَةَ وَنَكَحَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ ، فَجَاءَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَتْ : مَا يُغْنِي عَنِّي إِلَّا كَمَا تُغْنِي هَذِهِ الشَّعْرَةُ لِشَعْرَةٍ أَخَذَتْهَا مِنْ رَأْسِهَا فَفَرِّقْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ ، فَأَخَذَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَمِيَّةٌ فَدَعَا بِرُكَانَةَ وَإِخْوَتِهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَجُلَسَائِهِ : " أَتَرَوْنَ فُلَانًا يُشْبِهُ مِنْهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا مِنْ عَبْدِ يَزِيدَ ، وَفُلَانًا يُشْبِهُ مِنْهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا ؟ " قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِعَبْدِ يَزِيدَ : " طَلِّقْهَا " ، فَفَعَلَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " رَاجِعِ امْرَأَتَكَ أُمَّ رُكَانَةَ وَإِخْوَتِهِ " ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي طَلَّقْتُهَا ثَلَاثًا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " قَدْ عَلِمْتُ ، رَاجِعْهَا " ، وَتَلَا : يَأَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ سورة الطلاق آية 1 " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَحَدِيثُ نَافِعِ بْنِ عُجَيْرٍ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُكَانَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، أَنَّ رُكَانَةَ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ الْبَتَّةَ ، فَرَدَّهَا إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَصَحُّ ، لِأَنَّ وَلَدَ الرَّجُلِ وَأَهْلَهُ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ إِنَّ رُكَانَةَ ، إِنَّمَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ الْبَتَّةَ ، فَجَعَلَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاحِدَةً .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Abd Yazid, the father of Rukanah and his brothers, divorced Umm Rukanah and married a woman of the tribe of Muzaynah. She went to the Prophet ﷺ and said: He is of no use to me except that he is as useful to me as a hair; and she took a hair from her head. So separate me from him. The Prophet ﷺ became furious. He called on Rukanah and his brothers. He then said to those who were sitting beside him. Do you see so-and-so who resembles Abdu Yazid in respect of so-and-so; and so-and-so who resembles him in respect of so-and-so? They replied: Yes. The Prophet ﷺ said to Abdu Yazid: Divorce her. Then he did so. He said: Take your wife, the mother of Rukanah and his brothers, back in marriage. He said: I have divorced her by three pronouncements, Messenger of Allah. He said: I know: take her back. He then recited the verse: "O Prophet, when you divorce women, divorce them at their appointed periods. " Abu Dawud said: The tradition narrated by Nafi bin 'Ujair and Abdullah bin Yazid bin Rukanah from his father on the authority of his grandfather reads: Rukanah divorced his wife absolutely (i. e. irrevocable divorce). The Prophet ﷺ restored her to him. This version is sounder (than other versions), for they (i. e. these narrators) are the children of his man, and the members of the family are more aware of his case. Rukanah divorced his wife absolutely (i. e. three divorces in one pronouncement) and the Prophet ﷺ made it a single divorce.
Hadith 2197
حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ عِنْدَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّهُ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا ، قَالَ : فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ رَادُّهَا إِلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " يَنْطَلِقُ أَحَدُكُمْ فَيَرْكَبُ الْحُمُوقَةَ ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ : يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ، يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ : وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا سورة الطلاق آية 2 ، وَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تَتَّقِ اللَّهَ ، فَلَمْ أَجِدْ لَكَ مَخْرَجًا ، عَصَيْتَ رَبَّكَ وَبَانَتْ مِنْكَ امْرَأَتُكَ ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ : يَأَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ سورة الطلاق آية 1 فِي قُبُلِ عِدَّتِهِنَّ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ حُمَيْدٌ الْأَعْرَجُ وَغَيْرُهُ ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ . وَرَوَاهُ شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، وَ أَيُّوبُ ، وَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، جَمِيعًا عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، وَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ . وَرَوَاهُ الْأَعْمَشُ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، وَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، كُلُّهُمْ قَالُوا فِي الطَّلَاقِ الثَّلَاثِ : " أَنَّهُ أَجَازَهَا " ، قَالَ : " وَبَانَتْ مِنْكَ " نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَرَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، " إِذَا قَالَ : أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ ، ثَلَاثًا بِفَمٍ وَاحِدٍ ، فَهِيَ وَاحِدَةٌ " . وَرَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، هَذَا قَوْلُهُ ، لَمْ يَذْكُرْ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ، وَجَعَلَهُ قَوْلَ عِكْرِمَةَ .
Mujahid said “I was with Ibn Abbas”. A man came to him and said that he divorced his wife by three pronouncements. I kept silence and thought that he was going to restore het to him. He then said “A man goes and commits a foolish act and then says “O, Ibn Abbas! Alaah has said “And for those who fear Allaah, He (ever) prepares a way out. ” Since you did not keep duty to Allaah I do not find a way out for you. You disobeyed your Lord and your wife was separated from you. Allaah has said “O Prophet! When you divorce women divorce them in the beginning of their waiting period. ” Abu Dawud said “This tradition has been transmitted by Humaid Al A’raj and by others from Mujahid on the authority of Ibn Abbas. Shu’bjh narrated it from Amr bin Murrah from Saeed bin Jubair on the authority of Ibn Abbas. Ayyub and Ibn ‘Jubair both narrated it from “’Ikrimah bin Khalid from Saeed bin Jubair on the authority of Ibn Abbas. Ibn Juraij narrated it from Abd Al Hamid bin Rafi from Ata from Ibn Abbas. Al Amash narrated it from Malik bin Al Harith on the authority of Ibn Abbas. They all said about the divorce by three pronouncements. He allowed it and said” (Your wife) has been separated from you similar to the tradition narrated by Ismail from Ayub from Abd Allaah bin Kathir. ” Abu Dawud said “Hammad bin Zaid narrated it from Ayyub from Ikrimah on the authority of Ibn Abbas. This version adds If he said “You are divorced three times saying in one pronouncement, it constitutes a single (divorce). Ismail bin Ibrahim narrated it from Ayyub from Ikrimah. This is his (Ikrimah’s) statement. He did not mention the name of Ibn Abbas. He narrated it as a statement of Ikrimah. ”
Hadith 2198
وَصَارَ قَوْلُ وَصَارَ قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِيمَا حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، وَهَذَا حَدِيثُ أَحْمَدَ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِيَاسٍ ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ، وَأَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ، وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ سُئِلُوا عَنِ الْبِكْرِ يُطَلِّقُهَا زَوْجُهَا ثَلَاثًا ، فَكُلُّهُمْ قَالُوا : " لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ " . قالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : رَوَى مَالِكٌ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ ، أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةَ حِينَ جَاءَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِيَاسِ بْنِ الْبُكَيْرِ إِلَى ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، فَسَأَلَهُمَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ . فَقَالَا : اذْهَبْ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، فَإِنِّي تَرَكْتُهُمَا عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، ثُمَّ سَاقَ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَقَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ هُوَ : " أَنَّ الطَّلَاقَ الثَّلَاثَ تَبِينُ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا مَدْخُولًا بِهَا وَغَيْرَ مَدْخُولٍ بِهَا ، لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ " . هَذَا مِثْلُ خَبَرِ الصَّرْفِ ، قَالَ فِيهِ : ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ رَجَعَ عَنْهُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ .
Abu Dawud said “The opinion of Ibn Abbas has been mentioned in the following tradition. “Ahmad bin Salih and Muhammad bin Yahya narrated this is the version of Ahmad (bin Salih)” from Abd Ar Razzaq from Mamar from Al Zuhri from Abu Salamah din Abd Al Rahman bin Awf and Muhammad bin Abd Al Rahman bin Thawban from Muhammad bin Iyas that Ibn Abbas, Abu Hurairah and Abd Alah bin Amr bin Al ‘As were asked about a virgin who is divorced three times by her husband. They all said “She is not lawful for him until she marries a man other than her former husband. ”Abu Dawud said “Malik narrated from Yahya bin Saeed from Bukair bin Al Ashajj from Muawiyah bin Abi Ayyash who was present on this occasion when Muhammad bin Iyas bin Al Bukair came to Ibn Al Zubair and Asim in Umar. He asked them about this matter. They replied “Go to Ibn Abbas and Abu Hurairah, I have left them with Aishah (may Allaah be pleased with her). He then narrated the rest of the tradition. ” Abu Dawud said “The statement of Ibn Abbas goes “The divorce by three pronouncements separates the wife from husband whether the marriage has been consummated or not, the previous husband is not lawful for her until she marries a man other than her husband”. This statement is like the tradition which deals with the exchange of money. In this tradition the narrator said “Ibn Abbas withdrew his opinion. ”"
Hadith 2199
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ : أَبُو الصَّهْبَاءِ ، كَانَ كَثِيرَ السُّؤَالِ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : " أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ إِذَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا ، جَعَلُوهَا وَاحِدَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَصَدْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَةِ عُمَرَ ؟ " قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : " بَلَى ، كَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا ، جَعَلُوهَا وَاحِدَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَصَدْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَةِ عُمَرَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى النَّاسَ قَدْ تَتَابَعُوا فِيهَا ، قَالَ : أَجِيزُوهُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ " .
Tawus said A man called Abu Al Sahba used to ask Ibn Abbas questions frequently. He asked “Do you know that when a man divorced his wife by three pronouncement before sexual intercourse with her, they (the people) made it a single divorce during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, of Abu Bakr and in the early phase of the caliphate of Umar?” Ibn “Abbas said “Yes, when a man divorced his wife by three pronouncement before sexual intercourse they made it a single divorce during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, of Abu Bakr and in the early phase of the caliphate of Umar. When he saw that the people frequently divorced (by three pronouncements) he said “Make them operative on them (i. e., on women)”.
Hadith 2200
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّ أَبَا الصَّهْبَاءِ ، قَالَ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ : " أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّمَا كَانَتْ الثَّلَاثُ تُجْعَلُ وَاحِدَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَثَلَاثًا مِنْ إِمَارَةِ عُمَرَ ؟ " قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : " نَعَمْ " .
Tawus said: Abu al-Sahba' said to Ibn Abbas: Do you know that a divorce by three pronouncements was made a single one during the time of the Prophet ﷺ, and of Abu Bakr and in the early days of the caliphate of Umar? He replied: Yes.
