حَدَّثَنَا
مُجَاهِدُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا
عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا
عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ
مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ، قَالَ :عَنْ
أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، أَنَّهَا سَأَلَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَتُصَلِّي الْمَرْأَةُ فِي دِرْعٍ وَخِمَارٍ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا إِزَارٌ ؟ قَالَ : إِذَا كَانَ الدِّرْعُ سَابِغًا يُغَطِّي ظُهُورَ قَدَمَيْهَا " ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ ، وَبَكْرُ بْنُ مُضَرَ ، وَحَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، وَابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ ، وَابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أُمِّهِ ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، لَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَصَرُوا بِهِ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا .
Umm Salamah said that she asked the prophet ﷺ; Can a woman pray in a shirt and veil without wearing a lower garment? He replied: if the shirt is ample and covers the surface of her feet. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted by Malik bin Anas, Bakr bin Mudar, Hafs bin Ghiyaht, Ismail bin Jafar, Ibn Abu Dhi'b, and Ibn Ishaq from Muhammad bin Zaid on the authority of his mother who narrated from Umm Salamah. None of these narrators mention the name of the Prophet ﷺ. They reported it directly from Umm Salamah.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
640. Commentary:
➊ Both of these narrations are weak. Therefore, it is not obligatory for a woman to cover her feet during prayer; at most, it can be considered preferable in light of the general command of modesty. Some scholars use another narration as evidence for covering the tops of the feet, in which it is mentioned that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in response to a question from Umm Salamah radi Allahu anha, said that if a woman's feet become exposed when her garment hangs down more than a handspan from men's clothing, then women should let their garments hang down by a forearm's length. [ترمذي، حديث : 1831]
From this, they try to establish that a woman should cover her entire body, including the tops of her feet, during prayer. However, this hadith of Umm Salamah radi Allahu anha pertains to the general command of modesty, and making it obligatory for a woman praying is incorrect. If this were the case, then it would also be necessary for a woman to cover her face while praying, because the face is also included in the command of modesty. If it is not obligatory for a woman to cover her face during prayer, then it is also incorrect to make it obligatory to cover the tops of her feet during prayer based on the hadith of Umm Salamah radi Allahu anha. For further details, see: [فتاوي شيخ الاسلا م ابن تيميه : 11؍ 426- 430 طبع جديد، 1998ء الرياض]
➋ These ahadith being marfu‘ (i.e., attributed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is not established, but it is better for a woman to cover her entire body during prayer (because she is commanded to cover her whole body including the head). It is worth considering that if such strictness regarding modesty is required of a woman in the pure environment of the mosque and during the act of worship like prayer, then how much more should she observe her modesty when going out in open places and among strangers!
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 640