Abu Dawud

➊ Lexical Explanation:
«الْمُوبِقَاتِ» Those that destroy.
«التَّوَلِّي» To take flight, to run away.
«يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ» The day of battle, the day when there is an encounter with the enemy.
«وَقَذْفُ» To accuse falsely.
«الْمُحْصَنَاتِ» Against chaste women.

Understanding the Hadith:
In these ahadith, major (i.e., grave) sins are mentioned. A major sin is one for which a prescribed punishment is set, or for which there is a warning of Hellfire, or for which there is mention of curse or wrath. [مجموع الفواي لابن تيمية 650/11]
These sins are not forgiven without repentance. And if someone refrains from these major sins, then the remaining minor sins are forgiven by Allah Ta’ala through various righteous deeds, as is stated in the Qur’an: «اِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ یُذْھِبْنَ السَّیْآتِ» [هود : 114] “Good deeds erase bad deeds.”
Similarly, in a hadith, it is mentioned that sins fall away through ablution (wudu). [مسلم : كتاب الطهارة : 244]

Hadith Commentary:

Do not speak ill beneath the sky, if anyone listens to me;
This is the echo of the dome—whatever one says, so does one hear.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has declared disobedience to parents as "the gravest of the major sins (akbar al-kaba'ir)."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Adab, Hadith: 5976)
Insulting one’s parents is also a form of disobedience, even though in society, insulting one’s parents is considered inconceivable.
This is why the questioner, out of astonishment, asked the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) whether anyone could insult their own parents. He replied:
Insulting someone else’s parents is tantamount to insulting one’s own parents, because in retaliation, that person will insult his parents. Thus, it is as if he himself insulted his own parents, since he became the cause of this evil act.

(2)
From this, it is understood that causing a forbidden act is itself forbidden, as is stated in the Noble Qur’an:
“O Muslims! Do not insult those whom they invoke besides Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge.”
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From this, it is clear that becoming the cause of insulting one’s parents is a grave crime. So, how severe is the crime of that wretch who himself curses or insults his own parents!
May Allah the Exalted protect us.

Takhrij:
[بخاري الادب باب لايسب الرجل والديه 5973],
[مسلم الايمان 263]

Benefits:
➊ In the Noble Qur’an, Allah Almighty has forbidden saying “uff” to parents and rebuking them:
«فَلَا تَقُل لَّهُمَا أُفٍّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُل لَّهُمَا قَوْلًا كَرِيمًا» [17-الإسراء:23]
“Do not even say ‘uff’ to them, nor rebuke them, and address them with honor.”
To curse them is even further from what is permissible.
➋ Even if one does not curse or harm one’s parents directly, but does something as a result of which someone else curses or harms them, then this too is forbidden (haram).
➌ Any action that carries the risk of causing someone to fall into sin is also impermissible. For example, if there is a risk that cursing someone’s parents will lead them to curse your parents in return—even if it is not certain, as it is possible they may not curse your parents—in the terminology of the jurists (fuqaha), this is called “blocking the means” (sadd al-dhara’i).
One evidence for blocking the means is the statement of Allah Almighty:
«وَلَا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّـهِ فَيَسُبُّوا اللَّـهَ عَدْوًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ» [6-الأنعام:108]
“And do not insult those whom they invoke besides Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge.”
Another evidence is that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said to Aisha (radi Allahu anha): O Aisha! If your people had not only recently left ignorance (jahiliyyah) and entered Islam, I would have ordered that the House (the Ka‘bah) be demolished, and I would have included in it that part which was taken out of it, and I would have joined it with the ground, and I would have made for it an eastern door and a western door, and I would have built it upon the foundations of Ibrahim (alayhis salam). [بخاري / الحج 42]
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not demolish the Ka‘bah out of fear that this newly converted people might fall into doubts, even though there were many benefits in demolishing and rebuilding the Ka‘bah.
However, one point must be kept in mind: only those actions that are not obligatory but optional can be left out due to the risk of people falling into sin. If someone falls into sin as a result of fulfilling an obligation, then no attention will be paid to that. For example, if someone starts using foul language when invited to prayer, the invitation to prayer will not be abandoned. Only optional actions can be left out. Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has established a chapter on this topic: Chapter «من ترك بعض الاختيار مخافة ان يقصر فهم بعض الناس فيقوا فى اشد منه», that is, the statement regarding a person who leaves some optional things (which are not necessary) out of fear that some people’s understanding will fall short, and they will fall into something even more severe.

Takhrij:
«أخرجه البخاري، الأدب، باب لا يسب الرجل والديه، حديث:5973، ومسلم، الأيمان، باب الكبائر وأكبرها، حديث:90.»©Explanation:
From this hadith, it is understood that becoming a means for an action is as if one has performed that action oneself.
In other words, the means to something unlawful (haram) are also unlawful; therefore, to do something or say something that results in one’s parents being cursed or harmed is also unlawful. Thus, if you wish to protect your own parents from being cursed, do not curse or speak ill of the parents of others.