سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الصلاةPrayer (Kitab Al-Salat)
باب كَيْفَ الأَذَانُChapter: How The Adhan Is Performed.
Hadith 507
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ الْمُهَاجِرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، عَنْ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ ، قَالَ : أُحِيلَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ ، وَأُحِيلَ الصِّيَامُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ ، وَسَاقَ نَصْرٌ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ ، وَاقْتَصَّ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى مِنْهُ قِصَّةَ صَلَاتِهِمْ نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ قَطْ ، قَالَ : الْحَالُ الثَّالِثُ " أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَصَلَّى يَعْنِي نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ : قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ سورة البقرة آية 144 ، فَوَجَّهَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ ، وَتَمَّ حَدِيثُهُ ، وَسَمَّى نَصْرٌ صَاحِبَ الرُّؤْيَا ، قَالَ : فَجَاءَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ ، وَقَالَ فِيهِ : فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ ، قَالَ : اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ مَرَّتَيْنِ ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، ثُمَّ أَمْهَلَ هُنَيَّةً ثُمَّ قَامَ ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَهَا ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ ، قَالَ : زَادَ بَعْدَ مَا قَالَ حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ : قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَقِّنْهَا بِلَالًا ، فَأَذَّنَ بِهَا بِلَالٌ، وقَالَ فِي الصَّوْمِ : قَالَ : فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَصُومُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَيَصُومُ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ سورة البقرة آية 183 ـ 184 ، فَكَانَ مَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَصُومَ صَامَ ، وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَيُطْعِمَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِينًا أَجْزَأَهُ ذَلِكَ وَهَذَا حَوْلٌ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْءَانُ إِلَى أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ سورة البقرة آية 185 فَثَبَتَ الصِّيَامُ عَلَى مَنْ شَهِدَ الشَّهْرَ ، وَعَلَى الْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ ، وَثَبَتَ الطَّعَامُ لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ وَالْعَجُوزِ اللَّذَيْنِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعَانِ الصَّوْمَ ، وَجَاءَ صِرْمَةُ وَقَدْ عَمِلَ يَوْمَهُ " ، وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ .
Narrated Muadh ibn Jabal: Prayer passed through three stages and fasting also passed through three stages. The narrator Nasr reported the rest of the tradition completely. The narrator, Ibn al-Muthanna, narrated the story of saying prayer facing in the direction of Jerusalem. He said: The third stage is that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Madina and prayed, i. e. facing Jerusalem, for thirteen months. Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed the verse: "We have seen thee turning thy face to Heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wherever ye may be, turn your face (when ye pray) toward it" (ii. 144). And Allah, the Reverend and the Majestic, turned (them) towards the Kabah. He (the narrator) completed his tradition. The narrator, Nasr, mentioned the name of the person who had the dream, saying: And Abdullah ibn Zayd, a man from the Ansar, came. The same version reads: And he turned his face towards the qiblah and said: Allah is most great, Allah is most great; I testify that there is no god but Allah, I testify that there is no god but Allah; I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; come to prayer (he pronounced it twice), come to salvation (he pronounced it twice); Allah is Most Great, Allah is most great. He then paused for a while, and then got up and pronounced in a similar way, except that after the phrase "Come to salvation" he added. "The time for prayer has come, the time for prayer has come. " The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Teach it to Bilal, then pronounce the adhan (call to prayer) with the same words. As regards fasting, he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast for three days every month, and would fast on the tenth of Muharram. Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed the verse: ". . . . . . . Fasting was prescribed for those before you, that ye may ward off (evil). . . . . . and for those who can afford it there is a ransom: the feeding of a man in need (ii. 183-84). If someone wished to keep the fast, he would keep the fast; if someone wished to abandon the fast, he would feed an indigent every day; it would do for him. But this was changed. Allah, the Exalted, revealed: "The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Quran. . . . . . . . . . (let him fast the same) number of other days" (ii. 185). Hence the fast was prescribed for the one who was present in the month (of Ramadan) and the traveller was required to atone (for them); feeding (the indigent) was prescribed for the old man and woman who were unable to fast. (The narrator, Nasr, further reported): The companion Sirmah, came after finishing his day's work. . . . . . and he narrated the rest of the tradition.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
507. Commentary:
The story of Hazrat Surmah is mentioned in Musnad Ahmad 5/246-247 as follows: A Companion whose name was Surmah worked all day while fasting. When evening came, he returned to his family, and without eating or drinking anything, he performed the Isha prayer and went to sleep. He remained asleep until morning and then began fasting again. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam saw him in an extremely exhausted state. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam asked: "What has happened to you that you are so exhausted?" He replied, "O Messenger of Allah! I worked all day yesterday. When I returned, I simply lay down and slept, and morning came, so I started fasting in this way." The narrator said that Hazrat Umar radi Allahu anhu also, after sleeping for a while, went to one of his wives or slave women... and then related his story to the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. So Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: «أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَائِكُمْ» "It has been made lawful for you to be intimate with your wives during the nights of fasting. They are a garment for you and you are a garment for them. Allah knows that you were betraying yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and pardoned you. So now, have relations with them and seek what Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread. Then complete the fast until the night." (See: Awn al-Ma’bood, note.) Hadith 506 and 5067 have been declared weak in chain (sanadan) by our esteemed Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai rahimahullah. However, some supporting narrations (shawahid) exist in other hadith. Most likely, due to these supporting narrations, Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah has authenticated both hadiths. For further details, see: Al-Mawsu‘ah al-Hadithiyyah, 36/436, 442.
The story of Hazrat Surmah is mentioned in Musnad Ahmad 5/246-247 as follows: A Companion whose name was Surmah worked all day while fasting. When evening came, he returned to his family, and without eating or drinking anything, he performed the Isha prayer and went to sleep. He remained asleep until morning and then began fasting again. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam saw him in an extremely exhausted state. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam asked: "What has happened to you that you are so exhausted?" He replied, "O Messenger of Allah! I worked all day yesterday. When I returned, I simply lay down and slept, and morning came, so I started fasting in this way." The narrator said that Hazrat Umar radi Allahu anhu also, after sleeping for a while, went to one of his wives or slave women... and then related his story to the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. So Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: «أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَائِكُمْ» "It has been made lawful for you to be intimate with your wives during the nights of fasting. They are a garment for you and you are a garment for them. Allah knows that you were betraying yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and pardoned you. So now, have relations with them and seek what Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread. Then complete the fast until the night." (See: Awn al-Ma’bood, note.) Hadith 506 and 5067 have been declared weak in chain (sanadan) by our esteemed Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai rahimahullah. However, some supporting narrations (shawahid) exist in other hadith. Most likely, due to these supporting narrations, Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah has authenticated both hadiths. For further details, see: Al-Mawsu‘ah al-Hadithiyyah, 36/436, 442.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 507
