سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الأدبGeneral Behavior (Kitab Al-Adab)
باب فِي حُسْنِ الْعِشْرَةِChapter: Regarding good interactions with people.
Hadith 4792
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْروٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ : " أَنَّ رَجُلًا اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : بِئْسَ أَخُو الْعَشِيرَةِ ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ انْبَسَطَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَلَّمَهُ ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لَمَّا اسْتَأْذَنَ ؟ قُلْتَ : بِئْسَ أَخُو الْعَشِيرَةِ ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ انْبَسَطْتَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا عَائِشَةُ ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْفَاحِشَ الْمُتَفَحِّشَ " .
Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: A man asked permission to see the Prophet ﷺ, and the Prophet ﷺ said: He is a bad member of the tribe. When he entered, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ treated in a frank and friendly way and spoke to him. When he departed, I said: Messenger of Allah! When he asked permission, you said: He is a bad member of the tribe, but when he entered, you treated him in a frank and friendly way. The Messenger of Allah replied: Aishah! Allah does not like the one who is unseemly and lewd in his language.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Qadi Iyad rahimahullah says that this person was Uyainah bin Hisn al-Fazari, who became Muslim during the time of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, but during the era of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, he joined the apostates and was then brought back as a prisoner.
➋ Allamah Qurtubi rahimahullah states: From this hadith it is understood that it is permissible to backbite someone who openly commits immorality, wickedness, or oppression, or is a caller to innovation (bid‘ah).
And in order to protect oneself from the evil of such people, it is permissible to deal with them with courtesy and tolerance (mudaraat), provided that this does not entail any compromise (mudahanat) in the religion.
➌ The difference between mudaraat (courtesy/tolerance) and mudahanat (compromise) is that overlooking one's personal and worldly rights for religious or worldly benefits in dealing with someone is called mudaraat.
This is a permissible act, and at times even recommended.
Whereas mudahanat is when a person overlooks the requirements of the religion purely for worldly interests in dealing with someone.
This is not permissible under any circumstances.
➊ Qadi Iyad rahimahullah says that this person was Uyainah bin Hisn al-Fazari, who became Muslim during the time of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, but during the era of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, he joined the apostates and was then brought back as a prisoner.
➋ Allamah Qurtubi rahimahullah states: From this hadith it is understood that it is permissible to backbite someone who openly commits immorality, wickedness, or oppression, or is a caller to innovation (bid‘ah).
And in order to protect oneself from the evil of such people, it is permissible to deal with them with courtesy and tolerance (mudaraat), provided that this does not entail any compromise (mudahanat) in the religion.
➌ The difference between mudaraat (courtesy/tolerance) and mudahanat (compromise) is that overlooking one's personal and worldly rights for religious or worldly benefits in dealing with someone is called mudaraat.
This is a permissible act, and at times even recommended.
Whereas mudahanat is when a person overlooks the requirements of the religion purely for worldly interests in dealing with someone.
This is not permissible under any circumstances.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 4792
