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سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب السنةModel Behavior of the Prophet (Kitab Al-Sunnah)
باب فِي قِتَالِ الْخَوَارِجِChapter: Fighting Against The Khawarij.
Hadith 4760
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ، الْمَعْنَى ، قَالَا : أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ الْمُعَلَّى بْنِ زِيَادٍ ، وَهِشَامِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ ، عَنْ الْحَسَنِ ، عَنْ ضَبَّةَ بْنِ مِحْصَنٍ ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَتْ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : سَتَكُونُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَئِمَّةٌ ، تَعْرِفُونَ مِنْهُمْ وَتُنْكِرُونَ ، فَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ , قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : قَالَ هِشَامٌ بِلِسَانِهِ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ ، وَمَنْ كَرِهَ بِقَلْبِهِ ، فَقَدْ سَلِمَ ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ ، فَقِيلَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَفَلَا نَقْتُلُهُمْ ؟ , قَالَ ابْنُ دَاوُدَ : أَفَلَا نُقَاتِلُهُمْ ؟ , قَالَ : لَا ، مَا صَلَّوْا " .
Umm Salamah, wife of the Prophet ﷺ is reported to have said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: You will have commanders some of whom you will approve and some of whom you will disapprove. He who expresses disapproval with his tongue (Abu Dawud said: This is Hisham’s version) is guiltless; and he who feels disapproval in his heart, is safe, but he who is pleased and follows them. He was asked; shall we not kill them, Messenger of Allah? Abu Dawud’s version has: Shall we not fight with them? He replied: No, so long as they pray.
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎: Denying and rejecting an act that is objectionable and contrary to the Shari‘ah with one’s tongue absolves a person from hypocrisy, and whoever considers it evil in his heart and does not participate in it is saved from sin. However, whoever approves of it and participates in it is like those who commit it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Prayer (salah) is such an act that its observance becomes a barrier for a person against even the gravest of sins, including killing and fighting, except in the case where one commits the well-known prescribed limits (hudud).
➋ And it is not permissible to revolt (khuruj) against such rulers (umara) who perform the prayer. If they abandon the prayer, then the issue is a matter of scholarly disagreement.
➌ If a person is not able to change the legally prohibited acts (shar‘i munkarat) and oppression upon the subjects with force, then it is obligatory to denounce and recognize them as evil at least with the tongue, or at the very least in the heart; otherwise, there is no faith (iman).
➍ Being pleased with the oppression of the oppressors and becoming their helper is a cause of destruction in this world and the Hereafter.
➊ Prayer (salah) is such an act that its observance becomes a barrier for a person against even the gravest of sins, including killing and fighting, except in the case where one commits the well-known prescribed limits (hudud).
➋ And it is not permissible to revolt (khuruj) against such rulers (umara) who perform the prayer. If they abandon the prayer, then the issue is a matter of scholarly disagreement.
➌ If a person is not able to change the legally prohibited acts (shar‘i munkarat) and oppression upon the subjects with force, then it is obligatory to denounce and recognize them as evil at least with the tongue, or at the very least in the heart; otherwise, there is no faith (iman).
➍ Being pleased with the oppression of the oppressors and becoming their helper is a cause of destruction in this world and the Hereafter.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 4760
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: Abdullah bin Mughaffal radi Allahu anhu, while narrating and describing the recitation of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, mentioned that he would elongate his voice, like “Aaa.”
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 1854
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
If the rejection of the evil (munkar) is done verbally, then such a person is free from hypocrisy.
And the one who dislikes it in his heart will remain safe from the evil and consequences of that munkar.
But whoever approves of it and is pleased with it, then he is with those who commit the evil,
meaning, he will also be deserving of the same punishment that they are deserving of.
If the perpetrators of evil are rulers but they are regular in performing prayer (salah),
then fighting against them has been prohibited so that people may remain safe from tribulation (fitnah),
and so that the Ummah does not fall into discord and division.
However, the one who abandons the regular performance of prayer is a disbeliever (kafir),
therefore, fighting against him is permissible.
1:
If the rejection of the evil (munkar) is done verbally, then such a person is free from hypocrisy.
And the one who dislikes it in his heart will remain safe from the evil and consequences of that munkar.
But whoever approves of it and is pleased with it, then he is with those who commit the evil,
meaning, he will also be deserving of the same punishment that they are deserving of.
If the perpetrators of evil are rulers but they are regular in performing prayer (salah),
then fighting against them has been prohibited so that people may remain safe from tribulation (fitnah),
and so that the Ummah does not fall into discord and division.
However, the one who abandons the regular performance of prayer is a disbeliever (kafir),
therefore, fighting against him is permissible.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 2265
