سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب السنةModel Behavior of the Prophet (Kitab Al-Sunnah)
باب فِي الْقَدَرِChapter: Belief In Divine Decree.
Hadith 4702
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي هِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ مُوسَى قَالَ : يَا رَبِّ أَرِنَا آدَمَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَنَا وَنَفْسَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ ، فَأَرَاهُ اللَّهُ آدَمَ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْتَ أَبُونَا آدَمُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : أَنْتَ الَّذِي نَفَخَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ مِنْ رُوحِهِ وَعَلَّمَكَ الْأَسْمَاءَ كُلَّهَا ، وَأَمَرَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَسَجَدُوا لَكَ ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَمَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ أَخْرَجْتَنَا وَنَفْسَكَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ : وَمَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : أَنَا مُوسَى ، قَالَ : أَنْتَ نَبِيُّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الَّذِي كَلَّمَكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحِجَابِ ، لَمْ يَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ رَسُولًا مِنْ خَلْقِهِ ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : أَفَمَا وَجَدْتَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُخْلَقَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فِيمَ تَلُومُنِي فِي شَيْءٍ سَبَقَ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِيهِ الْقَضَاءُ قَبْلِي ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَحَجَّ آدَمُ ، مُوسَى ، فَحَجَّ آدَمُ ، مُوسَى " .
Umar bin al-Khattab reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Moses said: My lord, show us Adam who caused us and himself to come out from Paradise. So Allah showed him Adam. He asked: Are you our father, Adam? Adam said to him: Yes. He said: Are you the one into whom Allah breathed of his spirit, taught you all the names, and commanded angels (to prostrate) and they prostrated to you? He replied: Yes. He asked: Then what moved you to cause us and yourself to come out from paradise? Adam asked him: And who are you? He said: Yes. He asked: Did you not find that was decreed in the book (records) of Allah before I was created? He replied: Yes. He asked: Then why do you blame me about a thing for which Divine decree had already passed before me ? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: So Adam got the better of Moses in argument ﷺ.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
Qadar (Divine Decree) means that the eternal and everlasting knowledge of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, is absolutely true; nothing, even to the extent of an atom, can differ from it anywhere. However, knowledge does not compel the servants.
It is not permissible for humans to use qadar as an excuse or pretext regarding their future affairs, because everyone has been made responsible for choosing the right path and acting accordingly. However, in matters of past realities, mentioning qadar as an excuse is permissible.
Qadar (Divine Decree) means that the eternal and everlasting knowledge of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, is absolutely true; nothing, even to the extent of an atom, can differ from it anywhere. However, knowledge does not compel the servants.
It is not permissible for humans to use qadar as an excuse or pretext regarding their future affairs, because everyone has been made responsible for choosing the right path and acting accordingly. However, in matters of past realities, mentioning qadar as an excuse is permissible.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 4702
