سنن ابي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
كتاب الديات
Types of Blood-Wit (Kitab Al-Diyat)
باب أَيُقَادُ الْمُسْلِمُ بِالْكَافِرِ
Chapter: Should A Muslim Be Killed In Retaliation For A Disbeliever?
Hadith 4530
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عُبَادٍ ، قَالَ : انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَالْأَشْتَرُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، فَقُلْنَا : هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَعْهَدْهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّةً ؟ قَالَ : لَا إِلَّا مَا فِي كِتَابِي هَذَا ، قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : قَالَ : فَأَخْرَجَ كِتَابًا ، وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ : كِتَابًا مِنْ قِرَابِ سَيْفِهِ ، فَإِذَا فِيهِ : " الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ ، مَنْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثًا فَعَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثًا أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثًا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ " ، قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، فَأَخْرَجَ كِتَابًا .
Narrated Qays ibn Abbad: I and Ashtar went to Ali and said to him: Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ give you any instruction about anything for which he did not give any instruction to the people in general? He said: No, except what is contained in this document of mine. Musaddad said: He then took out a document. Ahmad said: A document from the sheath of his sword. It contained: The lives of all Muslims are equal; they are one hand against others; the lowliest of them can guarantee their protection. Beware, a Muslim must not be killed for an infidel, nor must one who has been given a covenant be killed while his covenant holds. If anyone introduces an innovation, he will be responsible for it. If anyone introduces an innovation or gives shelter to a man who introduces an innovation (in religion), he is cursed by Allah, by His angels, and by all the people. Musaddad said: Ibn Abu Urubah's version has: He took out a document.
