سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الدياتTypes of Blood-Wit (Kitab Al-Diyat)
باب أَيُقَادُ الْمُسْلِمُ بِالْكَافِرِChapter: Should A Muslim Be Killed In Retaliation For A Disbeliever?
Hadith 4530
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عُبَادٍ ، قَالَ : انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَالْأَشْتَرُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، فَقُلْنَا : هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَعْهَدْهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّةً ؟ قَالَ : لَا إِلَّا مَا فِي كِتَابِي هَذَا ، قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : قَالَ : فَأَخْرَجَ كِتَابًا ، وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ : كِتَابًا مِنْ قِرَابِ سَيْفِهِ ، فَإِذَا فِيهِ : " الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ ، مَنْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثًا فَعَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثًا أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثًا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ " ، قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، فَأَخْرَجَ كِتَابًا .
Narrated Qays ibn Abbad: I and Ashtar went to Ali and said to him: Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ give you any instruction about anything for which he did not give any instruction to the people in general? He said: No, except what is contained in this document of mine. Musaddad said: He then took out a document. Ahmad said: A document from the sheath of his sword. It contained: The lives of all Muslims are equal; they are one hand against others; the lowliest of them can guarantee their protection. Beware, a Muslim must not be killed for an infidel, nor must one who has been given a covenant be killed while his covenant holds. If anyone introduces an innovation, he will be responsible for it. If anyone introduces an innovation or gives shelter to a man who introduces an innovation (in religion), he is cursed by Allah, by His angels, and by all the people. Musaddad said: Ibn Abu Urubah's version has: He took out a document.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ No special individual bequest was made for Ali radi Allahu anhu; there was neither any need for it nor is there any evidence of it. This is contrary to the claim made by the Rawafid. The claim of the Rawafid is completely false and baseless.
➋ No Muslim, whether Arab, non-Arab, black, or white, has any superiority over another. The blood of all is equal; superiority is attained only on the basis of taqwa (piety), but the knowledge and decision of this is preserved with Allah.
➌ It is obligatory upon every Muslim to help a Muslim against a disbeliever, provided that they are upon the truth.
➍ No Muslim can be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever, however, blood money (diyah) will be necessary.
➎ There is absolutely no allowance for bid‘ah (innovation) in the religion. The religion is perfect and complete in every respect. A person of innovation (mubtadi‘) is accursed among Allah’s creation. It is forbidden to honor such a person. In worldly dealings, courtesy and tolerance are a separate matter.
➊ No special individual bequest was made for Ali radi Allahu anhu; there was neither any need for it nor is there any evidence of it. This is contrary to the claim made by the Rawafid. The claim of the Rawafid is completely false and baseless.
➋ No Muslim, whether Arab, non-Arab, black, or white, has any superiority over another. The blood of all is equal; superiority is attained only on the basis of taqwa (piety), but the knowledge and decision of this is preserved with Allah.
➌ It is obligatory upon every Muslim to help a Muslim against a disbeliever, provided that they are upon the truth.
➍ No Muslim can be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever, however, blood money (diyah) will be necessary.
➎ There is absolutely no allowance for bid‘ah (innovation) in the religion. The religion is perfect and complete in every respect. A person of innovation (mubtadi‘) is accursed among Allah’s creation. It is forbidden to honor such a person. In worldly dealings, courtesy and tolerance are a separate matter.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 4530
