سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الدياتTypes of Blood-Wit (Kitab Al-Diyat)
باب فِيمَنْ سَقَى رَجُلاً سَمًّا أَوْ أَطْعَمَهُ فَمَاتَ أَيُقَادُ مِنْهُChapter: If A Person Gives A Man Poison To Drink Or Eat, And He Dies, Is He Subject To Retaliation?
Hadith 4512
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْبَلُ الْهَدِيَّةَ ، وَلَا يَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ " ، حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْبَلُ الْهَدِيَّةَ ، وَلَا يَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ ، زَادَ : فَأَهْدَتْ لَهُ يَهُودِيَّةٌ بِخَيْبَرَ شَاةً مَصْلِيَّةً سَمَّتْهَا ، فَأَكَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْهَا وَأَكَلَ الْقَوْمُ ، فَقَالَ : ارْفَعُوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْنِي أَنَّهَا مَسْمُومَةٌ ، فَمَاتَ بِشْرُ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَعْرُورٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْيَهُودِيَّةِ : مَا حَمَلَكِ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعْتِ ؟ قَالَتْ : إِنْ كُنْتَ نَبِيًّا لَمْ يَضُرَّكَ الَّذِي صَنَعْتُ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ مَلِكًا أَرَحْتُ النَّاسَ مِنْكَ ، فَأَمَرَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُتِلَتْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي وَجَعِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ : مَا زِلْتُ أَجِدُ مِنَ الْأَكْلَةِ الَّتِي أَكَلْتُ بِخَيْبَرَ ، فَهَذَا أَوَانُ قَطَعَتْ أَبْهَرِي .
Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would accept a present, but would not accept alms (sadaqah). And Wahb bin Baqiyyah narrated to us, elsewhere, from Khalid, from Muhammad ibn Amr said on the authority of Abu Salamah, and he did not mention the name of Abu Hurairah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to accept presents but not alms (sadaqah). This version adds: So a Jewess presented him at Khaybar with a roasted sheep which she had poisoned. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ate of it and the people also ate. He then said: Take away your hands (from the food), for it has informed me that it is poisoned. Bishr ibn al-Bara ibn Ma'rur al-Ansari died. So he (the Prophet) sent for the Jewess (and said to her): What motivated you to do the work you have done? She said: If you were a prophet, it would not harm you; but if you were a king, I should rid the people of you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then ordered regarding her and she was killed. He then said about the pain of which he died: I continued to feel pain from the morsel which I had eaten at Khaybar. This is the time when it has cut off my aorta.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
Regarding the woman who served the poisoned goat, two types of narrations have come in this chapter. In some narrations, it is mentioned that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) forgave her, and in others, it is stated that she was killed in retribution (qisas). Mawlana Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, in "Minhat al-Mun'im Sharh Sahih Muslim," writes regarding this that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had initially forgiven this woman, but when Bishr ibn al-Bara' (radi Allahu anhu), who had participated in the meal with him, was martyred due to the poison, then afterwards the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had this woman killed in retribution (qisas).
2: Regarding charity (sadaqah), it has been stated that it is the impurity of people's wealth, which was not lawful for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his family. Likewise, besides the well-known deserving recipients, it is not permissible for the wealthy to take charity either. At the time of the Messenger of Allah's (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) passing, the effect of the poison reappeared, and in this way, he attained the rank of martyrdom.
3: This hadith also indicates that the Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) certainly did not possess knowledge of the unseen (ghayb), nor did his noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum). If they had known that the meat they were eating was poisoned, they would never have eaten it.
Regarding the woman who served the poisoned goat, two types of narrations have come in this chapter. In some narrations, it is mentioned that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) forgave her, and in others, it is stated that she was killed in retribution (qisas). Mawlana Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, in "Minhat al-Mun'im Sharh Sahih Muslim," writes regarding this that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had initially forgiven this woman, but when Bishr ibn al-Bara' (radi Allahu anhu), who had participated in the meal with him, was martyred due to the poison, then afterwards the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had this woman killed in retribution (qisas).
2: Regarding charity (sadaqah), it has been stated that it is the impurity of people's wealth, which was not lawful for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his family. Likewise, besides the well-known deserving recipients, it is not permissible for the wealthy to take charity either. At the time of the Messenger of Allah's (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) passing, the effect of the poison reappeared, and in this way, he attained the rank of martyrdom.
3: This hadith also indicates that the Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) certainly did not possess knowledge of the unseen (ghayb), nor did his noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum). If they had known that the meat they were eating was poisoned, they would never have eaten it.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 4512
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
They did not consume charity because it is not lawful (halal) for you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and for your family (Ahl al-Bayt), and there were many considerations (masalih) before you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) on account of which you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) declared the consumption of charity wealth (amwal al-sadaqat) unlawful (haram) for yourself and your family.
They did not consume charity because it is not lawful (halal) for you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and for your family (Ahl al-Bayt), and there were many considerations (masalih) before you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) on account of which you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) declared the consumption of charity wealth (amwal al-sadaqat) unlawful (haram) for yourself and your family.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 2576
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
In this narration, the mention is of eating a gift, meaning that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to accept gifts. However, he did not eat charity and the like, because this was not permissible for him nor for his family and descendants.
There were many considerations and benefits before him due to which he declared the wealth of charity unlawful (haram) for himself and his family.
In this narration, the mention is of eating a gift, meaning that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to accept gifts. However, he did not eat charity and the like, because this was not permissible for him nor for his family and descendants.
There were many considerations and benefits before him due to which he declared the wealth of charity unlawful (haram) for himself and his family.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 2576
