سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الصلاةPrayer (Kitab Al-Salat)
باب فِي وَقْتِ الْعِشَاءِ الآخِرَةِChapter: The Time For The Later Isha’.
Hadith 419
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ ، عَنْ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ ، قَالَ : أَنَا أَعْلَمُ النَّاسِ بِوَقْتِ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ ، " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّيهَا لِسُقُوطِ الْقَمَرِ لِثَالِثَةٍ " .
Narrated An-Numan ibn Bashir: I am the one who is best informed of the time of this prayer, i. e. the night prayer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to offer it at the hour when the moon went down on its third night.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
419. Commentary:
➊ In order to express the blessing of knowledge, it is sometimes permissible to adopt the manner of saying, "I know best," and this style is also effective for the listeners. It is possible that Imam Nu'man (rahimahullah) said this at a time when the majority of the Companions (radi Allahu anhum) were no longer present.
➋ The time of the setting of the moon on the third night is not absolutely fixed. It occurs approximately between two and a quarter hours to two and a half or three hours after sunset.
➊ In order to express the blessing of knowledge, it is sometimes permissible to adopt the manner of saying, "I know best," and this style is also effective for the listeners. It is possible that Imam Nu'man (rahimahullah) said this at a time when the majority of the Companions (radi Allahu anhum) were no longer present.
➋ The time of the setting of the moon on the third night is not absolutely fixed. It occurs approximately between two and a quarter hours to two and a half or three hours after sunset.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 419
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
530. Commentary:
➊ The crescent of the third night sets approximately two and a half hours later.
➋ These hadiths do not appear to have any relevance to the twilight (shafaq), because the twilight disappears much earlier than the crescent of the third night sets. In reality, this is an allusion to the position of Abu Hanifah rahimahullah and others, that by "shafaq" is meant the whiteness, not the redness, as is evident from his chapter heading «ذکر ما یستدل به علی أن الشفق البیاض» [السنن الکبریٰ للنسائي : 1؍472]. However, the whiteness also disappears much earlier than this, therefore the reasoning of the Imam rahimahullah from this is unclear. And Allah knows best. The correct view is that "shafaq" refers to the redness that appears on the horizon after the sun sets. For details, see: [ذخیرۃ العقبٰی شرح سنن النسائي : 7؍57 ۔ 60]
➊ The crescent of the third night sets approximately two and a half hours later.
➋ These hadiths do not appear to have any relevance to the twilight (shafaq), because the twilight disappears much earlier than the crescent of the third night sets. In reality, this is an allusion to the position of Abu Hanifah rahimahullah and others, that by "shafaq" is meant the whiteness, not the redness, as is evident from his chapter heading «ذکر ما یستدل به علی أن الشفق البیاض» [السنن الکبریٰ للنسائي : 1؍472]. However, the whiteness also disappears much earlier than this, therefore the reasoning of the Imam rahimahullah from this is unclear. And Allah knows best. The correct view is that "shafaq" refers to the redness that appears on the horizon after the sun sets. For details, see: [ذخیرۃ العقبٰی شرح سنن النسائي : 7؍57 ۔ 60]
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 530
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
English Commentary:
1:
It has already been mentioned in the Hadith of Jibril that the time for the ‘Isha prayer begins after the disappearance of the twilight (shafaq). This is a matter of consensus; there is no difference of opinion regarding it. As for the question of when its final time is, what is established from authentic and explicit ahadith is that its last time is until the appearance of dawn (fajr). The narrations in which mention is made of “until midnight” refer to its optimal (afdhal) time, which begins from the time when the third of the night’s moon sets. For this reason, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would generally perform the ‘Isha prayer at this time. However, due to hardship, the Ummah was permitted to perform it earlier than this. (See the next hadith, number 167)
1:
It has already been mentioned in the Hadith of Jibril that the time for the ‘Isha prayer begins after the disappearance of the twilight (shafaq). This is a matter of consensus; there is no difference of opinion regarding it. As for the question of when its final time is, what is established from authentic and explicit ahadith is that its last time is until the appearance of dawn (fajr). The narrations in which mention is made of “until midnight” refer to its optimal (afdhal) time, which begins from the time when the third of the night’s moon sets. For this reason, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would generally perform the ‘Isha prayer at this time. However, due to hardship, the Ummah was permitted to perform it earlier than this. (See the next hadith, number 167)
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 165
