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سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب العتقThe Book of Manumission of Slaves (Kitab Al-Itaq)
باب فِيمَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍChapter: One Who Manumits His Share Of A Slave.
Hadith 3934
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي هَمَّامٌ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ : " أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ مِنْ غُلَامٍ ، فَأَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِتْقَهُ وَغَرَّمَهُ بَقِيَّةَ ثَمَنِهِ " .
Narrated Abu Hurairah: A man emancipated his share in a slave. The Prophet ﷺ allowed his (full) emancipation, and required him to pay the rest of his price.
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Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Muhammad Ibrahim bin Basheer
Benefit:
This hadith proves that Islam teaches kindness and goodness even towards slaves, and oppression and coercion are absolutely forbidden.
In this hadith, a legal issue regarding a slave is mentioned: if a slave has two owners and one of them frees his share, then the slave becomes half-free and half-slave. In such a case, the other owner should also free his share so that the slave becomes completely free.
Now, there are two ways to achieve this: either the slave pays the other owner the price and becomes free, or, if he does not have the money, he should be made to work according to his capacity, and through hard work and effort, he should collect the amount and pay it to his other owner and thus become fully free.
Islam does not approve of a person being half-free and half-slave, because in such a case, how would the legal punishments (hudud) be applied? There are also many other religious issues; when someone is half-slave and half-free, he will face many difficulties. Also see (Fath al-Bari: 1/219)
This hadith proves that Islam teaches kindness and goodness even towards slaves, and oppression and coercion are absolutely forbidden.
In this hadith, a legal issue regarding a slave is mentioned: if a slave has two owners and one of them frees his share, then the slave becomes half-free and half-slave. In such a case, the other owner should also free his share so that the slave becomes completely free.
Now, there are two ways to achieve this: either the slave pays the other owner the price and becomes free, or, if he does not have the money, he should be made to work according to his capacity, and through hard work and effort, he should collect the amount and pay it to his other owner and thus become fully free.
Islam does not approve of a person being half-free and half-slave, because in such a case, how would the legal punishments (hudud) be applied? There are also many other religious issues; when someone is half-slave and half-free, he will face many difficulties. Also see (Fath al-Bari: 1/219)
Source: Musnad al-Humaydi: Commentary by Muhammad Ibrahim bin Bashir, Page: 1122
