سنن ابي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
كتاب العتق
The Book of Manumission of Slaves (Kitab Al-Itaq)
باب فِي بَيْعِ الْمُكَاتَبِ إِذَا فُسِخَتِ الْكِتَابَةُ
Chapter: Selling A Mukathib If His Contract Of Manumission Is Annulled.
Hadith 3931
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَبُو الْأَصْبَغِ الْحَرَّانِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ إِسْحَاق ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : " وَقَعَتْ جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُصْطَلِقِ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ أَوِ ابْنِ عَمٍّ لَهُ فَكَاتَبَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً مَلَّاحَةً تَأْخُذُهَا الْعَيْنُ ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا : فَجَاءَتْ تَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي كِتَابَتِهَا فَلَمَّا قَامَتْ عَلَى الْبَابِ ، فَرَأَيْتُهَا كَرِهْتُ مَكَانَهَا ، وَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَيَرَى مِنْهَا مِثْلَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِي مَا لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي وَقَعْتُ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ وَإِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي ، فَجِئْتُكَ أَسْأَلُكَ فِي كِتَابَتِي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : فَهَلْ لَكِ إِلَى مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ ؟ ، قَالَتْ : وَمَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ ، قَالَ : أُؤَدِّي عَنْكِ كِتَابَتَكِ وَأَتَزَوَّجُكِ ، قَالَتْ : قَدْ فَعَلْتُ ، قَالَتْ : فَتَسَامَعَ تَعْنِي النَّاسَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَ جُوَيْرِيَةَ ، فَأَرْسَلُوا مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مِنَ السَّبْيِ ، فَأَعْتَقُوهُمْ وَقَالُوا : أَصْهَارُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَا رَأَيْنَا امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ أَعْظَمَ بَرَكَةً عَلَى قَوْمِهَا مِنْهَا أُعْتِقَ فِي سَبَبِهَا مِائَةُ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ مِنْ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ "، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : هَذَا حُجَّةٌ فِي أَنَّ الْوَلِيَّ هُوَ يُزَوِّجُ نَفْسَهُ .
Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: Juwayriyyah, daughter of al-Harith ibn al-Mustaliq, fell to the lot of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, or to her cousin. She entered into an agreement to purchase her freedom. She was a very beautiful woman, most attractive to the eye. Aishah said: She then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking him for the purchase of her freedom. When she was standing at the door, I looked at her with disapproval. I realised that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would look at her in the same way that I had looked. She said: Messenger of Allah, I am Juwayriyyah, daughter of al-Harith, and something has happened to me, which is not hidden from you. I have fallen to the lot of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, and I have entered into an agreement to purchase of my freedom. I have come to you to seek assistance for the purchase of my freedom. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Are you inclined to that which is better? She asked: What is that, Messenger of Allah? He replied: I shall pay the price of your freedom on your behalf, and I shall marry you. She said: I shall do this. She (Aishah) said: The people then heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had married Juwayriyyah. They released the captives in their possession and set them free, and said: They are the relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ by marriage. We did not see any woman greater than Juwayriyyah who brought blessings to her people. One hundred families of Banu al-Mustaliq were set free on account of her. Abu dawud said: This evidence shows that a Muslim ruler may marry a slave woman himself.
