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سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الأقضيةThe Office of the Judge (Kitab Al-Aqdiyah)
باب فِي الصُّلْحِChapter: Regarding reconciliation.
Hadith 3594
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ ، أَوْ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ شَكَّ الشَّيْخُ ، عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " الصُّلْحُ جَائِزٌ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ " ، زَادَ أَحْمَدُ إِلَّا صُلْحًا أَحَلَّ حَرَامًا ، أَوْ حَرَّمَ حَلَالًا وَزَادَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ، وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى شُرُوطِهِمْ .
Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Prophet ﷺ said: Conciliation between Muslims is permissible. The narrator Ahmad added in his version: "except the conciliation which makes lawful unlawful and unlawful lawful. " Sulayman ibn Dawud added: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Muslims are on (i. e. stick to) their conditions.
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎: However, avoid such a condition that is impermissible in the Shariah, and from which future harm will result.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Takhrij:
«أخرجه الترمذي، الأحكام، باب ما ذكر عن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم في الصلح بين الناس، حديث:1352، وسنده ضعيف جدًا ولكن له شواهد كثيرة عند أبي داود وابن حبان وغيرهما.* حديث أبي هريرة أخرجه ابن حبان (الموارد)، حديث:1199، وأبوداود، القضاء، حديث:3594، «وسنده حسن».»©Explanation:
➊ In this hadith, the mention of Muslims is because the addressees and those legally responsible for the rulings of Islamic law (Shari‘ah) are only Muslims. Otherwise, as far as reconciliation (sulh) is concerned, it is permissible with both groups of the People of the Book (Ahl al-Kitab), i.e., Jews and Christians, as well as with polytheists (mushrikin) and atheists (dahriyyah).
➋ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself made reconciliation with the People of the Book as well. In the Constitution of Madinah (Mithaq Madinah), reconciliation with the Jews of Madinah is established; reconciliation with the Christians of Najran is established; and in the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (Sulh Hudaybiyyah), he made reconciliation with the polytheists of Makkah.
➌ The rule and general principle for reconciliation is that it should not be contrary to any ruling of Islamic law (Shari‘ah) such that something unlawful (haram) becomes lawful (halal) or something lawful becomes unlawful.
© Hadith Narrator:
«حضرت عمرو بن عوف رضی اللہ عنہ » ‘Amr ibn ‘Awf ibn Zayd ibn Malhah al-Muzani (with a dammah on the “mim” of Muzani and a fathah on the “za”). His kunyah is Abu ‘Abdullah. He is the ancestor of Kathir ibn ‘Abdullah. He was among the early Muslims. He was present at Badr. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) appointed him as the governor (‘amil) of the sanctuary of Madinah. He used to weep excessively out of fear of Allah. He passed away during the era of Mu‘awiyah (radi Allahu anhu).
«کثیر بن عبداللہ» Imam Shafi‘i and Imam Abu Dawud (rahimahum Allah) have said regarding him: He is a great liar and a pillar of falsehood (kadhdhab rukn). Imam Ahmad (rahimahullah) called him “munkar al-hadith” and said he has no standing. Imam Nasa’i (rahimahullah) said he is not trustworthy (thiqah). Ibn Hibban (rahimahullah) said he narrated a fabricated version (mawdu‘ nuskha) from his father and grandfather’s chain.
«أخرجه الترمذي، الأحكام، باب ما ذكر عن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم في الصلح بين الناس، حديث:1352، وسنده ضعيف جدًا ولكن له شواهد كثيرة عند أبي داود وابن حبان وغيرهما.* حديث أبي هريرة أخرجه ابن حبان (الموارد)، حديث:1199، وأبوداود، القضاء، حديث:3594، «وسنده حسن».»©Explanation:
➊ In this hadith, the mention of Muslims is because the addressees and those legally responsible for the rulings of Islamic law (Shari‘ah) are only Muslims. Otherwise, as far as reconciliation (sulh) is concerned, it is permissible with both groups of the People of the Book (Ahl al-Kitab), i.e., Jews and Christians, as well as with polytheists (mushrikin) and atheists (dahriyyah).
➋ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself made reconciliation with the People of the Book as well. In the Constitution of Madinah (Mithaq Madinah), reconciliation with the Jews of Madinah is established; reconciliation with the Christians of Najran is established; and in the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (Sulh Hudaybiyyah), he made reconciliation with the polytheists of Makkah.
➌ The rule and general principle for reconciliation is that it should not be contrary to any ruling of Islamic law (Shari‘ah) such that something unlawful (haram) becomes lawful (halal) or something lawful becomes unlawful.
© Hadith Narrator:
«حضرت عمرو بن عوف رضی اللہ عنہ » ‘Amr ibn ‘Awf ibn Zayd ibn Malhah al-Muzani (with a dammah on the “mim” of Muzani and a fathah on the “za”). His kunyah is Abu ‘Abdullah. He is the ancestor of Kathir ibn ‘Abdullah. He was among the early Muslims. He was present at Badr. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) appointed him as the governor (‘amil) of the sanctuary of Madinah. He used to weep excessively out of fear of Allah. He passed away during the era of Mu‘awiyah (radi Allahu anhu).
«کثیر بن عبداللہ» Imam Shafi‘i and Imam Abu Dawud (rahimahum Allah) have said regarding him: He is a great liar and a pillar of falsehood (kadhdhab rukn). Imam Ahmad (rahimahullah) called him “munkar al-hadith” and said he has no standing. Imam Nasa’i (rahimahullah) said he is not trustworthy (thiqah). Ibn Hibban (rahimahullah) said he narrated a fabricated version (mawdu‘ nuskha) from his father and grandfather’s chain.
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 735
