Abu Dawud

Benefits and Issues:
When the principal has not restricted his agent (wakil) to a specific manner, then such a beneficial transaction is permissible. In this hadith, the virtue of engaging in trade is also mentioned.

Benefits and Issues:
➊
It is permissible to buy or sell something on behalf of someone else.
This is called “agency” (wakalah).
And the one who acts as a representative for another in buying or selling something is called an “agent” (wakil).

➋
It is permissible to use entrusted money for personal use, provided there is certainty that the amount can be immediately repaid to the owner upon his request.

➌
When someone assists in any matter, one should pray for him and express gratitude to him.

➍
If there is a loss in trade conducted with entrusted money, the loss will be borne by the one who conducted the trade; the trust must be repaid in full. Similarly, if there is a profit, it also belongs to the one who conducted the trade. If he, of his own accord, presents some amount to the owner of the money as a gift, it is permissible to accept it.

Takhrij:
«أخرجه أبوداود، البيوع، باب في المضارب يخالف، حديث:3384، والترمذي، البيوع، حديث:1258، وابن ماجه، الصدقات، حديث:2402، وأحمد:4 /376، وأصله عند البخاري، المناقب، حديث:3642، وحديث حكيم ابن حزام أخرجه الترمذي، البيوع، حديث:1257 وسنده ضعيف، حبيب بن أبي ثابت عنعن.»©

Explanation:
Several very fundamental matters are illuminated by this hadith, for example:

➊ An agent (wakil) has full authority to dispose of the property of the principal (muwakkil) when the agency of the property is entrusted to him and he is given the freedom to use it as he wishes; otherwise, the agent must act within the agreed-upon conditions and limits.

➋ If someone’s property is sold without informing him, and upon being informed the owner expresses his consent, then it is permissible; otherwise, it is not.

➌ One who performs such a service for the owner should be supplicated for with prayers for goodness and blessing.

©

Hadith Narrator:
«حضرت عروہ بارقی رضی اللہ عنہ » He has been referred to both as Ibn al-Ja‘d and Ibn Abi al-Ja‘d, and it has also been said that his father’s name was ‘Iyad.

He is called Barqi due to his attribution to Barq.

In Barq, the letter “ra” has a kasrah beneath it.

This is a branch of the tribe of Azd, and the lineage is as follows: Barq ibn ‘Adi ibn Harithah.

And it is also said that he was called Barqi because he settled near a mountain named Barq.

He is a well-known Companion (sahabi).

‘Umar radi Allahu anhu appointed him to the position of judge (qadi) in Kufa during his caliphate.

He settled in Kufa, was counted among its people, and the people of Kufa narrate from him.

Benefit:
In this hadith, the virtue of Sayyiduna Urwah (radi Allahu anhu) is established, in that Allah Almighty placed such immense blessing in his business! It is also evident that the supplication of the Noble Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) for Urwah (radi Allahu anhu) was accepted. Even if he bought dust, he would sell it at the price of gold and would gain considerable profit from it. This is a proof of prophethood. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) not only upheld Urwah’s (radi Allahu anhu) transaction but also approved of it and supplicated that Allah Almighty bless his buying and selling. It is thus understood that there is no fixed limit for the rate of profit; even if a trader takes profit equal to the purchase price, it is permissible.