سنن ابي داود

Abu Dawud

 كتاب الأيمان والنذور

Oaths and Vows (Kitab Al-Aiman Wa Al-Nudhur)

باب فِيمَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ لاَ يَأْكُلُهُ

Chapter: One Who Swears Not To Eat Food.

Hadith 3270

اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل ، عَنِ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ ، أَوْ عَنْ أَبِي السَّلِيلِ عَنْهُ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، قَالَ : " نَزَلَ بِنَا أَضْيَافٌ لَنَا ، قَالَ : وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَتَحَدَّثُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِاللَّيْلِ ، فَقَالَ : " لَا أَرْجِعَنَّ إِلَيْكَ حَتَّى تَفْرُغَ مِنْ ضِيَافَةِ هَؤُلَاءِ ، وَمِنْ قِرَاهُمْ ، فَأَتَاهُمْ بِقِرَاهُمْ ، فَقَالُوا : لَا نَطْعَمُهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَجَاءَ ، فَقَالَ : مَا فَعَلَ أَضْيَافُكُمْ ، أَفَرَغْتُمْ مِنْ قِرَاهُمْ ؟ ، قَالُوا : لَا ، قُلْتُ : قَدْ أَتَيْتُهُمْ بِقِرَاهُمْ فَأَبَوْا ، وَقَالُوا : وَاللَّهِ لَا نَطْعَمُهُ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ ، فَقَالُوا : صَدَقَ ، قَدْ أَتَانَا بِهِ ، فَأَبَيْنَا حَتَّى تَجِيءَ ، قَالَ : فَمَا مَنَعَكُمْ ؟ ، قَالُوا : مَكَانَكَ ، قَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَا أَطْعَمُهُ اللَّيْلَةَ ، قَالَ : فَقَالُوا : وَنَحْنُ وَاللَّهِ لَا نَطْعَمُهُ حَتَّى تَطْعَمَهُ ، قَالَ : مَا رَأَيْتُ فِي الشَّرِّ كَاللَّيْلَةِ قَطُّ ، قَالَ : قَرِّبُوا طَعَامَكُمْ ، قَالَ : فَقَرَّبَ طَعَامَهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : بِسْمِ اللَّهِ ، فَطَعِمَ وَطَعِمُوا ، فَأُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّهُ أَصْبَحَ ، فَغَدَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالَّذِي صَنَعَ ، وَصَنَعُوا ، قَالَ : بَلْ أَنْتَ أَبَرُّهُمْ وَأَصْدَقُهُمْ " .
Narrated Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr: Some guests visited us, and Abu Bakr was conversing with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at night. He (Abu Bakr) said: I will not return to you until you are free from their entertainment and serving them food. So he brought them food, but they said: We shall not eat it until Abu Bakr comes (back). Abu Bakr then came and asked: What did your guest do? Are you free from their entertainment ? They said: No. I said: I brought them food, but they refused and said: We swear by Allah, we shall not take it until he comes. They said: He spoke the truth. He brought it to us, but we refused (to take it) until you come. He asked: What did prevent you ? He said: I swear by Allah, I shall not take food tonight. They said: And we also swear by Allah that we shall not take food until you take it. He said: I never saw an evil like the one tonight. He said: Bring your food near (you). He (Abdur-Rahman) said: Their food was then brought near them. He said: In the name of Allah, and he took the food, and they also took it. I then informed him that the dawn had broken. So he went to th Prophet ﷺ and informed him of what he and they had done. He said: You are the most obedient and most trustful of them.
Hadith Reference سنن ابي داود / كتاب الأيمان والنذور / 3270
Hadith Grading الألبانی: صحيح ق إلا أن قوله فأخبرت... ليس عند خ وهو مدرج  |  زبیر علی زئی: صحيح بخاري (6140) صحيح مسلم (2057)
Hadith Takhrij « صحیح البخاری/مواقیت الصلاة 41 (602)، المناقب 25 (3581)، الأدب 87 (6140)، صحیح مسلم/الأشربة 32 (2057)، (تحفة الأشراف: 9688)، وقد أخرجہ: مسند احمد (1/197، 198) (صحیح) »
Related hadith on this topic
Muslim: 5366
Explanation & Benefits
Muslim — Hadith 5366
'Abdul Rahman bin Abu Bakr (RA) reported: There came to our house some guests. It was a common practice with my father to (go) and talk to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) during the night. While going he said: 'Abdul Rahman, entertain the guests. When it was evening we served the food to them, but they refused saying: So long as the owner of the house does not come and join us, we would not take the meal. I said to them: He ('Abu Bakr) is a stern person, and if you would not do that (if you do not take the food), I fear, I may be harmed by him, but they refused. As he (my father) came, the first thing he asked was: Have you served the guests? They (the people of the household) said: We have not served them so far. He said: Did I not command 'Abdul Rahman (to do this)? He ('Abdul Rahman) said: I sunk away and kept myself away by that time. He again said: O stupid fellow, I ask you on oath that in case you hear my voice you come to me. I came and said: By Allah, there is no fault of mine. These are your guests; you may ask them. I provided them with food but they refused to eat until you came. He said to them: Why is it that you did not accept our food? By Allah, I shall not even take food tonight (as you have not taken). They said: By Allah, we would not take until you join us. Thereupon he Abu Bakr (RA) said: I have never seen a more unfortunate night than this. Woe be to thee! that you do not accept from us food prepared for you. He again said: What I did first (that is the taking of vow for not eating the food) was prompted by the Satan. Bring the food. The food was brought, and he ate by reciting the name of Allah and they also ate, and when it was morning he came to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and said: Allah's Messenger, their oath (that of the guests) came to be true, but mine was not true, and after that he informed him of the whole incident. He said: Your oath came to be the most true and you are the best of them. He (the narrator) said. I do not know whether he made an atonement for it.
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: The guests refused to eat out of respect for Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, intending to eat together with him when he returned. However, Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, due to his excuse, had entrusted the responsibility of hospitality to his son and had emphasized to him not to show any negligence in serving the guests. Abu Bakr’s radi Allahu anhu son had also informed the guests of this. Therefore, they should have eaten the food. The household should not have been put into distress. For this reason, Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu expressed his displeasure. However, keeping in view the right of hospitality, he broke his oath, and this is what the Shari‘ah requires: if breaking an oath is better, then it should be broken and expiation (kaffarah) should be given. One should not insist on keeping an oath out of fear of expiation. Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu broke his oath according to the rule of the Shari‘ah and must have given the apparent expiation as well, which neither his son nor the narrator came to know about.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 5366
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