سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الجنائزFunerals (Kitab Al-Janaiz)
باب فِي التَّعْزِيَةِChapter: Offering Condolences.
Hadith 3123
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُفَضَّلُ ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ سَيْفٍ الْمَعَافِرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحُبُلِيِّ ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، قَالَ : قَبَرْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْنِي مَيِّتًا ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْنَا ، انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَانْصَرَفْنَا مَعَهُ ، فَلَمَّا حَاذَى بَابَهُ وَقَفَ ، فَإِذَا نَحْنُ بِامْرَأَةٍ مُقْبِلَةٍ ، قَالَ : أَظُنُّهُ عَرَفَهَا ، فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَتْ ، إِذَا هِيَ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَام ، فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا أَخْرَجَكِ يَا فَاطِمَةُ مِنْ بَيْتِكِ ؟ فَقَالَتْ : أَتَيْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَهْلَ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ ، فَرَحَّمْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ مَيِّتَهُمْ ، أَوْ عَزَّيْتُهُمْ بِهِ ، فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : فَلَعَلَّكِ بَلَغْتِ مَعَهُمُ الْكُدَى ، قَالَتْ : مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ ، وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُكَ تَذْكُرُ فِيهَا مَا تَذْكُرُ ، قَالَ : لَوْ بَلَغْتِ مَعَهُمُ الْكُدَى " فَذَكَرَ تَشْدِيدًا فِي ذَلِكَ ، فَسَأَلْتُ رَبِيعَةَ عَنِ الْكُدَى ، فَقَالَ : الْقُبُورُ فِيمَا أَحْسَبُ .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As: We buried a deceased person in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When we had finished, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned and we also returned with him. When he approached his door, he stopped, and we saw a woman coming towards him. He (the narrator) said: I think he recognized her. When she went away, we came to know that she was Fatimah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to her: What brought you out of your house, Fatimah? She replied: I came to the people of this house, Messenger of Allah, and I showed pity and expressed my condolences to them for their deceased relation. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: You might have gone to the graveyard with them. She replied: I seek refuge in Allah! I heard you referring to what you mentioned. He said: If you had gone to the graveyard. . . He then mentioned severe words about it. I then asked Rabiah (a narrator of this tradition) about al-kuda (stony land). He replied: I think it means the graves.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
Apparently, this hadith indicates that it is not permissible for women to visit the graveyard.
However, the scholars have stated that this pertains to that particular time,
when, in the early days of Islam, people were prohibited from visiting graveyards.
Then, when the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) granted permission for it,
the permissibility for women to visit the graveyard along with men also emerged.
Because the wording of the permission is general,
which includes both men and women.
However, from this generality, only those women are excluded who lack patience and self-control and are accustomed to un-Islamic behaviors.
For such women, permission to go will not be granted.
Apparently, this hadith indicates that it is not permissible for women to visit the graveyard.
However, the scholars have stated that this pertains to that particular time,
when, in the early days of Islam, people were prohibited from visiting graveyards.
Then, when the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) granted permission for it,
the permissibility for women to visit the graveyard along with men also emerged.
Because the wording of the permission is general,
which includes both men and women.
However, from this generality, only those women are excluded who lack patience and self-control and are accustomed to un-Islamic behaviors.
For such women, permission to go will not be granted.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 3123
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
1881. Commentary:
➊ By explicitly mentioning the weakness of this hadith’s narrator, Rabi’ah, Imam al-Nasa’i rahimahullah has, in effect, indicated the weakness of this narration. The verifying scholars have differed regarding the authenticity or weakness of the aforementioned hadith. Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah and the commentator of Sunan al-Nasa’i, Shaykh Ali ibn Muhammad al-Atiyubi, have declared it weak, whereas the verifiers of the book have considered its chain to be hasan (good). However, even if this narration is accepted as hasan, it still does not establish that women are prohibited from visiting graveyards, because this refers to the time when, in the early days of Islam, people were prevented from visiting graveyards. Then, when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam granted permission, the permissibility for women to visit graveyards along with men was also established, because the wording of the permission is general, which includes both men and women. However, from this generality, those women will be excluded who lack patience and self-control and are accustomed to un-Islamic behaviors. Such women are not permitted to go. And Allah knows best.
➋ In this narration, “Kada” does not refer to the place Kada in Makkah, but rather to the graveyard of Madinah Munawwarah.
➌ A woman may go to someone’s house for offering condolences.
➊ By explicitly mentioning the weakness of this hadith’s narrator, Rabi’ah, Imam al-Nasa’i rahimahullah has, in effect, indicated the weakness of this narration. The verifying scholars have differed regarding the authenticity or weakness of the aforementioned hadith. Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah and the commentator of Sunan al-Nasa’i, Shaykh Ali ibn Muhammad al-Atiyubi, have declared it weak, whereas the verifiers of the book have considered its chain to be hasan (good). However, even if this narration is accepted as hasan, it still does not establish that women are prohibited from visiting graveyards, because this refers to the time when, in the early days of Islam, people were prevented from visiting graveyards. Then, when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam granted permission, the permissibility for women to visit graveyards along with men was also established, because the wording of the permission is general, which includes both men and women. However, from this generality, those women will be excluded who lack patience and self-control and are accustomed to un-Islamic behaviors. Such women are not permitted to go. And Allah knows best.
➋ In this narration, “Kada” does not refer to the place Kada in Makkah, but rather to the graveyard of Madinah Munawwarah.
➌ A woman may go to someone’s house for offering condolences.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 1881
