سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الطهارةPurification (Kitab Al-Taharah)
باب الرَّجُلِ يَتَبَوَّأُ لِبَوْلِهِChapter: Choosing An Appropriate Place To Urinate.
Hadith 3
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو التَّيَّاحِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي شَيْخٌ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ الْبَصْرَةَ فَكَانَ يُحَدِّثُ ،عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى ، فَكَتَبَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو مُوسَى إِنِّي كُنْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ ، فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَبُولَ ، فَأَتَى دَمِثًا فِي أَصْلِ جِدَارٍ فَبَالَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يَبُولَ فَلْيَرْتَدْ لِبَوْلِهِ مَوْضِعًا " .
Abu al-Tayyah reported on the authority of a shaykh (an old man): When Abdullah ibn Abbas came to Basrah, people narrated to him traditions from Abu Musa. Therefore Ibn Abbas wrote to him asking him about certain things. In reply Abu Musa wrote to him saying: One day I was in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He wanted to urinate. Then he came to a soft ground at the foot of a wall and urinated. He (the Prophet) then said: If any of you wants to urinate, he should look for a place (like this) for his urination.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues
➊ Although this narration is weak due to an unknown narrator (shaykh), the same issue is established by other authentic ahadith: one must exercise utmost caution regarding urine, because human urine is inherently impure (najis ‘ayn), even if its substance is not visible. Avoiding it and attaining purification is obligatory. A nursing infant or a person suffering from incontinence (silsilah al-bawl) is exempt from this ruling. One should seek a place to urinate where there is no risk of splashing. If the ground is not soft, it should be softened, or there should be a slope such that there is no risk of being contaminated by urine splashes. Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma narrates that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam passed by two graves and said: “The inhabitants of these two graves are being punished, and they are not being punished for something major. One of them did not protect himself from urine, and the other used to spread malicious gossip.” [Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Wudu’, Hadith: 218] From this hadith, it is understood that one must be extremely cautious of urine splashes. Those who do not avoid splashes while urinating, do not protect their clothes, and stand up immediately after urinating without performing istinja (purification with water, or in its absence, with tissue or earth, etc.), their pajamas, trousers, shalwar, and bodies become contaminated with urine. They should know that not protecting oneself from urine is a cause of punishment and a major sin (kabirah). And from Ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma, another narration is reported that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: “Most of the punishment in the grave is due to negligence regarding urine (i.e., neglecting purification), so be cautious regarding it.” [Sahih al-Targhib wa’l-Tarhib, Volume 1, Hadith: 158]
➋ Islam is a religion of cleanliness and purification, which obligates both the individual and society to maintain internal and external cleanliness and purity in every respect.
➌ In the best of generations, people used to ask the people of knowledge and virtue about issues and would also investigate the authenticity of ahadith. They would also take care to examine the narrations and fatwas stated by other scholars.
➍ Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma, despite being a distinguished member of Ahl al-Bayt and a venerable Companion, did not hesitate to refer to Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari radi Allahu anhu for clarification of issues. This is the hallmark of the true scholars, and an excellent example for students and the general public.
➊ Although this narration is weak due to an unknown narrator (shaykh), the same issue is established by other authentic ahadith: one must exercise utmost caution regarding urine, because human urine is inherently impure (najis ‘ayn), even if its substance is not visible. Avoiding it and attaining purification is obligatory. A nursing infant or a person suffering from incontinence (silsilah al-bawl) is exempt from this ruling. One should seek a place to urinate where there is no risk of splashing. If the ground is not soft, it should be softened, or there should be a slope such that there is no risk of being contaminated by urine splashes. Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma narrates that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam passed by two graves and said: “The inhabitants of these two graves are being punished, and they are not being punished for something major. One of them did not protect himself from urine, and the other used to spread malicious gossip.” [Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Wudu’, Hadith: 218] From this hadith, it is understood that one must be extremely cautious of urine splashes. Those who do not avoid splashes while urinating, do not protect their clothes, and stand up immediately after urinating without performing istinja (purification with water, or in its absence, with tissue or earth, etc.), their pajamas, trousers, shalwar, and bodies become contaminated with urine. They should know that not protecting oneself from urine is a cause of punishment and a major sin (kabirah). And from Ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma, another narration is reported that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: “Most of the punishment in the grave is due to negligence regarding urine (i.e., neglecting purification), so be cautious regarding it.” [Sahih al-Targhib wa’l-Tarhib, Volume 1, Hadith: 158]
➋ Islam is a religion of cleanliness and purification, which obligates both the individual and society to maintain internal and external cleanliness and purity in every respect.
➌ In the best of generations, people used to ask the people of knowledge and virtue about issues and would also investigate the authenticity of ahadith. They would also take care to examine the narrations and fatwas stated by other scholars.
➍ Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma, despite being a distinguished member of Ahl al-Bayt and a venerable Companion, did not hesitate to refer to Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari radi Allahu anhu for clarification of issues. This is the hallmark of the true scholars, and an excellent example for students and the general public.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 3
