سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الفرائضShares of Inheritance (Kitab Al-Faraid)
باب نَسْخِ مِيرَاثِ الْعَقْدِ بِمِيرَاثِ الرَّحِمِChapter: The Abrogation Of Inheritance Due To Alliances By Inheritance Due To Relations.
Hadith 2922
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، حَدَّثَنِي إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، حَدَّثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ مُصَرِّفٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى : 0 وَالَّذِينَ عَاقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ 0 ، قَالَ : كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ تُوَرَّثُ الأَنْصَارَ دُونَ ذَوِي رَحِمِهِ لِلأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ ، قَالَ نَسَخَتْهَا وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ سورة النساء آية 33 ، مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ وَيُوصِي لَهُ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ .
Ibn Abbas explained the following Quranic verse: "To those also, to whom your right hand was pledged, give your portion. " When the Emigrants came to Madina. they inherited from the Helpers without any blood-relationship with them for the brotherhood which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established between them. When the following verse was revealed: "To (benefit) everyone we have appointed shares and heirs to property left by parent and relatives. " it abrogated the verse: "To those also, to whom your right hand was pledged, give their due portion. " This alliance was made for help, well wishing and cooperation. Now a legacy can be made for him. (The right to)inheritance was abolished.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
The apparent meaning of “it abrogated it” is that the verse (وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ) was abrogated by (وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا...
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the verse), whereas the reality is the opposite.
(وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا) abrogated the ruling of inheritance indicated by (وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ).
Now, by such covenants and agreements, no one will inherit from another.
However, mutual cooperation and compassion are not only permissible but are highly recommended and beloved acts.
(‘Awn al-Ma‘bud)
The apparent meaning of “it abrogated it” is that the verse (وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ) was abrogated by (وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا...
...
...
the verse), whereas the reality is the opposite.
(وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا) abrogated the ruling of inheritance indicated by (وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ).
Now, by such covenants and agreements, no one will inherit from another.
However, mutual cooperation and compassion are not only permissible but are highly recommended and beloved acts.
(‘Awn al-Ma‘bud)
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2922
