سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الجهادJihad (Kitab Al-Jihad)
باب فِي الرَّجُلِ يُسْتَأْسَرُChapter: Regarding A Man Being Taken Captive.
Hadith 2660
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَعْدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ شِهَابٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ جَارِيَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ حَلِيفُ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشَرَةً عَيْنًا ، وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَاصِمَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَنَفَرُوا لَهُمْ هُذَيْلٌ بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ مِائَةِ رَجُلٍ رَامٍ فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ بِهِمْ عَاصِمٌ لَجَئُوا إِلَى قَرْدَدٍ فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ : انْزِلُوا فَأَعْطُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْعَهْدُ وَالْمِيثَاقُ أَنْ لَا نَقْتُلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدًا ، فَقَالَ عَاصِمٌ : أَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أَنْزِلُ فِي ذِمَّةِ كَافِرٍ ، فَرَمَوْهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ فَقَتَلُوا عَاصِمًا فِي سَبْعَةِ نَفَرٍ ، وَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ وَالْمِيثَاقِ مِنْهُمْ خُبَيْبٌ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ الدَّثِنَةِ وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَمْكَنُوا مِنْهُمْ أَطْلَقُوا أَوْتَارَ قِسِيِّهِمْ فَرَبَطُوهُمْ بِهَا ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ الثَّالِثُ : هَذَا أَوَّلُ الْغَدْرِ وَاللَّهِ لَا أَصْحَبُكُمْ إِنَّ لِي بِهَؤُلَاءِ لَأُسْوَةً فَجَرُّوهُ ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَصْحَبَهُمْ فَقَتَلُوهُ فَلَبِثَ خُبَيْبٌ أَسِيرًا حَتَّى أَجْمَعُوا قَتْلَهُ فَاسْتَعَارَ مُوسَى يَسْتَحِدُّ بِهَا فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا بِهِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ ، قَالَ لَهُمْ خُبَيْبٌ : دَعُونِي أَرْكَعُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنْ تَحْسَبُوا مَا بِي جَزَعًا لَزِدْتُ " .
Abu Hurairah said “The Prophet ﷺ sent ten persons (on an expedition) and appointed Asim bin Thabit their commander. About one hundred men of Hudhail who were archers came out to (attack) them. When Asim felt their presence, they took cover in a hillock. They aid to them “Come down and surrender and we make a covenant and pact with you that we shall not kill any of you”. Asim said “I do not come to the protection of a disbeliever. Then they shot them with arrows and killed Asim in a company of seven persons. The other three persons came down to their covenant and pact. They were Khubaib, Zaid bin Al Lathnah and another man. When they overpowered them, they untied their bow strings and tied them with them”. The third person said “This is the first treachery. I swear by Allaah, I shall not accompany you. In them (my companions) is an example for me. They pulled him, but he refused to accompany them, so they killed him. Khubaib remained their captive until they agreed to kill him. He asked for a razor to shave his pubes. When they brought him outside to kill him. Khubaib said to them “Let me offer two rak’ahs of prayer”. He then said “I swear by Allaah, if you did not think that I did this out of fear. I would have increased (the number of rak’ahs).
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
In this lengthy hadith, among the ten men mentioned, the names of seven are as follows: Marthad Ghanawi, Khalid bin Bukayr, Khubayb bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, Abdullah bin Tariq, Mu’attib bin Ubayd radi Allahu anhum, and their leader was Asim bin Thabit radi Allahu anhu.
The names of the remaining three are not mentioned.
On the way, the disbelievers from Banu Lihyan pursued them.
Eventually, they caught up with them and martyred seven Muslims, including their leader, and captured three Muslims, whose names are: Khubayb bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, and Abdullah bin Tariq radi Allahu anhum.
On the way, Abdullah radi Allahu anhu was also martyred, and the remaining two were taken to Makkah and sold as slaves.
Zayd bin Dathinah radi Allahu anhu was bought by Safwan bin Umayyah, and Khubayb radi Allahu anhu was bought by the sons of Harith bin Amir.
Khubayb radi Allahu anhu had killed the aforementioned Harith on the day of Badr.
Now, his sons, seeking to take revenge without cost, bought Khubayb radi Allahu anhu and, after the sacred months had passed, decided to martyr him. During these days, those people witnessed the miracles (karamat) of Khubayb radi Allahu anhu, that Allah Ta’ala was providing him with out-of-season fruits from the unseen, just as Maryam alayha as-salam used to receive out-of-season fruits.
In the final days, in preparation for martyrdom and to attain cleanliness, Khubayb radi Allahu anhu asked one of their women for a razor. However, when her infant child went to Khubayb radi Allahu anhu and began to play with him, the woman feared that perhaps Khubayb radi Allahu anhu might slaughter the innocent child with the razor. Upon this, Khubayb radi Allahu anhu himself reassured the woman that such an unjust killing could never be committed by a true Muslim.
Finally, after performing two units (rak‘ah) of prayer, when he was brought to the place of execution, he recited the verses of poetry that are mentioned here.
The late Mawlana Waheed az-Zaman rahimahullah translated these verses into poetry as follows:
“When I depart from this world as a Muslim, what grief is there for me? On whichever side I fall, my death is for the sake of Allah. If He wills, I shall not be disgraced. Even if my body is cut into pieces, He will bless its parts with abundance.”
Bayhaqi has narrated that Khubayb radi Allahu anhu, at the time of his death, prayed: “O Allah! Convey the news of our condition to Your beloved sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.”
At that very moment, Jibril alayhi as-salam came to the service of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and informed him of all the circumstances.
At the end of the narration, there is mention of two participants of Badr, which refutes the claim of Dumiati, who denied that both were participants of Badr.
Affirmation takes precedence over negation.
This subject is a fragment of a hadith which Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has mentioned in the context of the Expedition of Tabuk.
In this lengthy hadith, among the ten men mentioned, the names of seven are as follows: Marthad Ghanawi, Khalid bin Bukayr, Khubayb bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, Abdullah bin Tariq, Mu’attib bin Ubayd radi Allahu anhum, and their leader was Asim bin Thabit radi Allahu anhu.
The names of the remaining three are not mentioned.
On the way, the disbelievers from Banu Lihyan pursued them.
Eventually, they caught up with them and martyred seven Muslims, including their leader, and captured three Muslims, whose names are: Khubayb bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, and Abdullah bin Tariq radi Allahu anhum.
On the way, Abdullah radi Allahu anhu was also martyred, and the remaining two were taken to Makkah and sold as slaves.
Zayd bin Dathinah radi Allahu anhu was bought by Safwan bin Umayyah, and Khubayb radi Allahu anhu was bought by the sons of Harith bin Amir.
Khubayb radi Allahu anhu had killed the aforementioned Harith on the day of Badr.
Now, his sons, seeking to take revenge without cost, bought Khubayb radi Allahu anhu and, after the sacred months had passed, decided to martyr him. During these days, those people witnessed the miracles (karamat) of Khubayb radi Allahu anhu, that Allah Ta’ala was providing him with out-of-season fruits from the unseen, just as Maryam alayha as-salam used to receive out-of-season fruits.
In the final days, in preparation for martyrdom and to attain cleanliness, Khubayb radi Allahu anhu asked one of their women for a razor. However, when her infant child went to Khubayb radi Allahu anhu and began to play with him, the woman feared that perhaps Khubayb radi Allahu anhu might slaughter the innocent child with the razor. Upon this, Khubayb radi Allahu anhu himself reassured the woman that such an unjust killing could never be committed by a true Muslim.
Finally, after performing two units (rak‘ah) of prayer, when he was brought to the place of execution, he recited the verses of poetry that are mentioned here.
The late Mawlana Waheed az-Zaman rahimahullah translated these verses into poetry as follows:
“When I depart from this world as a Muslim, what grief is there for me? On whichever side I fall, my death is for the sake of Allah. If He wills, I shall not be disgraced. Even if my body is cut into pieces, He will bless its parts with abundance.”
Bayhaqi has narrated that Khubayb radi Allahu anhu, at the time of his death, prayed: “O Allah! Convey the news of our condition to Your beloved sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.”
At that very moment, Jibril alayhi as-salam came to the service of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and informed him of all the circumstances.
At the end of the narration, there is mention of two participants of Badr, which refutes the claim of Dumiati, who denied that both were participants of Badr.
Affirmation takes precedence over negation.
This subject is a fragment of a hadith which Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has mentioned in the context of the Expedition of Tabuk.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3989
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
Among the ten men whom the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sent as spies, the names of seven are as follows:
Marthad bin Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi, Khalid bin Bukayr, Mu'tib bin Ubayd, Khabib bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, Abdullah bin Tariq, and their leader, Asim bin Thabit (radi Allahu anhu). The names of the remaining three individuals could not be ascertained.
Perhaps they were their attendants, and thus attention was not given to their names.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/445)
Out of these, seven were martyred there, and the remaining two were sold in Makkah al-Mukarramah.
Zayd bin Dathinah was purchased by Safwan bin Umayyah, who martyred him in retaliation for his father. As for Khabib (radi Allahu anhu), he was bought by the sons of Harith bin Amir, because Khabib (radi Allahu anhu) had killed their father Harith on the day of Badr, so they martyred him in retaliation for their father.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/447)
➋
Since the purpose of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) is to mention the virtues of the martyrs of Badr, and in this narration it is stated that Asim (radi Allahu anhu) had killed one of the great chiefs of Quraysh, therefore the disbelievers of Quraysh took revenge on him, but Allah, the Exalted, protected him.
In one narration, it is explicitly mentioned that he killed a great chief on the day of Badr.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Maghazi, Hadith: 4086)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has written that, by the command of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he captured and killed Uqbah bin Abi Mu'ayt.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/387)
➌
At the end of the hadith, there is a mention of the virtues of Ka'b bin Malik (radi Allahu anhu). Although this part has no direct connection with the incident of Khabib (radi Allahu anhu), the purpose of this part of the hadith is to refute those who claim that Murarah and Bilal (radi Allahu anhu) were not participants at Badr.
The first to deny this was Athram, a student of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (rahimahullah).
Hafiz Ibn Qayyim (rahimahullah) also denied it on the basis that, had these two been participants at Badr, they would have been excused just as Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah (radi Allahu anhu) was. However, this is to prefer analogy over explicit textual evidence. In any case, this hadith explicitly states that they were righteous and noble men who also participated in the Battle of Badr.
The intention here is to praise and extol them.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/388)
Further details regarding Khabib (radi Allahu anhu) will be mentioned later, insha Allah.
➊
Among the ten men whom the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sent as spies, the names of seven are as follows:
Marthad bin Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi, Khalid bin Bukayr, Mu'tib bin Ubayd, Khabib bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, Abdullah bin Tariq, and their leader, Asim bin Thabit (radi Allahu anhu). The names of the remaining three individuals could not be ascertained.
Perhaps they were their attendants, and thus attention was not given to their names.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/445)
Out of these, seven were martyred there, and the remaining two were sold in Makkah al-Mukarramah.
Zayd bin Dathinah was purchased by Safwan bin Umayyah, who martyred him in retaliation for his father. As for Khabib (radi Allahu anhu), he was bought by the sons of Harith bin Amir, because Khabib (radi Allahu anhu) had killed their father Harith on the day of Badr, so they martyred him in retaliation for their father.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/447)
➋
Since the purpose of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) is to mention the virtues of the martyrs of Badr, and in this narration it is stated that Asim (radi Allahu anhu) had killed one of the great chiefs of Quraysh, therefore the disbelievers of Quraysh took revenge on him, but Allah, the Exalted, protected him.
In one narration, it is explicitly mentioned that he killed a great chief on the day of Badr.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Maghazi, Hadith: 4086)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has written that, by the command of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he captured and killed Uqbah bin Abi Mu'ayt.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/387)
➌
At the end of the hadith, there is a mention of the virtues of Ka'b bin Malik (radi Allahu anhu). Although this part has no direct connection with the incident of Khabib (radi Allahu anhu), the purpose of this part of the hadith is to refute those who claim that Murarah and Bilal (radi Allahu anhu) were not participants at Badr.
The first to deny this was Athram, a student of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (rahimahullah).
Hafiz Ibn Qayyim (rahimahullah) also denied it on the basis that, had these two been participants at Badr, they would have been excused just as Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah (radi Allahu anhu) was. However, this is to prefer analogy over explicit textual evidence. In any case, this hadith explicitly states that they were righteous and noble men who also participated in the Battle of Badr.
The intention here is to praise and extol them.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/388)
Further details regarding Khabib (radi Allahu anhu) will be mentioned later, insha Allah.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3989
