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سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الطهارةPurification (Kitab Al-Taharah)
باب فِي الْجُنُبِ يُصَلِّي بِالْقَوْمِ وَهُوَ نَاسٍChapter: The Sexually Impure Person Leading The Prayer In A State Of Forgetfulness.
Hadith 234
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ ، وَقَالَ فِي أَوَّلِهِ : فَكَبَّرَ ، وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ : فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ ، قَالَ : إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ ، وَإِنِّي كُنْتُ جُنُبًا ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : رَوَاهُ الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا قَامَ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ وَانْتَظَرْنَا أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ ، انْصَرَفَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : كَمَا أَنْتُمْ ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَرَوَاهُ أَيُّوبُ ، وَابْنُ عَوْنٍ ، وَهِشَامٌ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ مُرْسَلًا ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : فَكَبَّرَ ، ثُمَّ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ أَنِ اجْلِسُوا ، فَذَهَبَ فَاغْتَسَلَ ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَبَّرَ فِي صَلَاةٍ ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَكَذَلِكَ حَدَّثَنَاه مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى ، عَنْ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّهُ كَبَّرَ .
This tradition has been reported by Hammad bin Salamah through the same chain of narrators and conveying a similar meaning. This version adds in the beginning: He uttered TAKBIR (Allahu akbar), and in the end: when he finished the prayer, he said: I am a human being; I was sexually defiled. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated al-Zuhri from Abu Salamah bin Abdur-Rahman on the authority of Abu Hurairah. It says: When he stood at the place of prayer, we waited for his utterance of takbir (Allah-u akbar). He went away and said: (remain) as you were. Another version on the authority of Muhammad reporting from the Prophet ﷺ says: He uttered takbir (Allah-u-Akbar) and then made a sign to the people, meaning "sit down". He then went away and took a bath. This tradition has also been narrated through a different chain. It says: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ uttered takbir (Allah-u-akbar) in a prayer. Abu Dawud said: Another version through a different chain says; The Prophet ﷺ uttered takbir (Allah-u akbar).
Brief Explanation
This hadith is a continuation of the previous hadith 232, so that should also be read together. Whoever becomes junub (in a state of major ritual impurity) in the mosque, it is not necessary for him to perform tayammum (dry ablution) before leaving, as some people think. If, due to a reasonable cause, there is a gap between the iqamah (call to commence prayer) and the takbir (opening declaration of prayer), there is no harm; it is not necessary to repeat the iqamah. The followers (muqtadis) should wait for their appointed imam; even if they remain standing, it is permissible.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ This incident has been narrated in two ways. The first is in the hadith of Abu Bakrah radi Allahu anhu, in which the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam entered the prayer and pronounced the takbir, as Imam Abu Dawud rahimahullah has presented several supporting narrations. The second narration is from Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu, in which he (the Prophet) gestured even before pronouncing the takbir. Reconciliation between the two is possible: the meaning of «دخل فى صلاة» or «كبر فى صلاة» is the intention to act, i.e., «اراد ان يدخل فى صلاة» or «اراد ان يكبر فى صلاة» is meant. Qadi Iyad and Qurtubi, in view of these narrations, have suggested the possibility of two separate incidents, whereas in Bukhari and Muslim, the hadith of Abu Hurairah is transmitted. [صحيح بخاري حديث : 275۔ صحيح مسلم حديث : 605]
➊ This incident has been narrated in two ways. The first is in the hadith of Abu Bakrah radi Allahu anhu, in which the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam entered the prayer and pronounced the takbir, as Imam Abu Dawud rahimahullah has presented several supporting narrations. The second narration is from Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu, in which he (the Prophet) gestured even before pronouncing the takbir. Reconciliation between the two is possible: the meaning of «دخل فى صلاة» or «كبر فى صلاة» is the intention to act, i.e., «اراد ان يدخل فى صلاة» or «اراد ان يكبر فى صلاة» is meant. Qadi Iyad and Qurtubi, in view of these narrations, have suggested the possibility of two separate incidents, whereas in Bukhari and Muslim, the hadith of Abu Hurairah is transmitted. [صحيح بخاري حديث : 275۔ صحيح مسلم حديث : 605]
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 234
